Efficient synthesis of promising biofuel 5-ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF) directly from starch was developed over a mixed-acid system composed of Al₂(SO₄)₃ and H₃PO₄ in ethanol−DMSO co-solvent medium. The reaction proceeds through the depolymerization of starch to form glucose over Brønsted acidic H₃PO₄, which is then isomerized to fructose by Al₂(SO₄)₃, a Lewis acid catalyst. The mixed-acid system then synergistically catalyzes the formation of EMF. At 170 °C, 36.9%, 39.8%, and 34.7% yields of EMF can be captured from corn starch, amylose and amylopectin, respectively. Moreover, the conversion of cellobiose and wood pulp cellulose produces 38.5% and 9.5% yields of EMF.

在乙醇-DMSO共溶剂介质中，通过由Al ₂（SO ₄）₃和H ₃ PO ₄组成的混合酸体系，直接从淀粉有效合成了有前途的生物燃料5-乙氧基甲基糠醛（EMF）。反应通过淀粉的解聚反应进行，并在布朗斯台德酸性H ₃ PO ₄上形成葡萄糖，然后通过Al ₂（SO ₄）₃异构化为果糖。，路易斯酸催化剂。然后，混合酸体系协同催化EMF的形成。在170°C下，可以分别从玉米淀粉，直链淀粉和支链淀粉中捕获36.9％，39.8％和34.7％的EMF。此外，纤维二糖和木浆纤维素的转化产生38.5％和9.5％的EMF产率。