Self-alienation is a common characterization of various disturbing experiences in patients with schizophrenia. A vivid example comes from patient reports of not recognizing themselves when inspecting their specular image in the mirror. By applying the multisensory paradigm of the Enfacement Illusion, this study empirically addresses the specular Self-Other discrimination in patients with schizophrenia. 35 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 35 healthy matched controls were enrolled in the study. Results found that the group of patients with schizophrenia had a significant skewed self-other discrimination towards the other at baseline. Furthermore, the effect of visuo-tactile stimulation on self-recognition in the schizophrenia patients was significantly altered after both synchronous and asynchronous stimulation compared to baseline. This contrasted with healthy controls which in line with earlier studies only had significantly different self-recognition after synchronous stimulation. The study thus suggests that patients with schizophrenia have deviations in their specular self-recognition compared to healthy controls. Moreover, that temporal factors in multisensory integration may contribute to alterations of self-related stimuli in patients with schizophrenia.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症患者自我认知的改变

自我异化是精神分裂症患者各种令人不安的经历的常见特征。一个生动的例子来自患者报告，他们在检查镜子中的镜面图像时无法认出自己。通过应用表面错觉的多感官范式，本研究从经验上解决了精神分裂症患者的镜面自我-他者歧视。35 名被诊断患有精神分裂症的患者和 35 名健康的匹配对照参加了这项研究。结果发现，这组精神分裂症患者在基线时对他人的自我歧视有显着的偏向。此外，与基线相比，在同步和异步刺激后，视觉触觉刺激对精神分裂症患者自我识别的影响显着改变。这与健康对照形成对比，健康对照与早期研究一致，仅在同步刺激后具有显着不同的自我识别。因此，该研究表明，与健康对照相比，精神分裂症患者的镜面自我识别存在偏差。此外，多感觉整合中的时间因素可能有助于精神分裂症患者自我相关刺激的改变。