When purified from persistent infections, the genomes of most human polyomaviruses contain single enhancers. However, when isolated from productively infected cells from immunocompromised individuals, the genomes of several polyomaviruses contain duplicated enhancers that promote a number of polyoma-based diseases. The mechanism(s) that gives rise to the duplicated enhancers in the polyomaviruses is, however, not known. Herein we propose a model for the duplication of the enhancers that is based on recent advances in our understanding of; 1) the initiation of polyomavirus DNA replication, 2) the formation of long flaps via displacement synthesis and 3) the subsequent generation of duplicated enhancers via double stranded break repair. Finally, we discuss the possibility that the polyomavirus based replication dependent enhancer duplication model may be relevant to the enhancer-associated rearrangements detected in human genomes that are associated with various diseases, including cancers.

中文翻译：

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在多瘤病毒调节区发现重复增强子的模型。

从持续感染中纯化后，大多数人类多瘤病毒的基因组均包含单个增强子。但是，当从免疫受损个体的生产性感染细胞中分离出来时，几种多瘤病毒的基因组包含重复的增强子，这些促进子会促进多种基于多瘤病毒的疾病。但是，在多瘤病毒中引起增强子重复的机制尚不清楚。在此，我们基于对我们的理解的最新进展，提出了一种用于增强子复制的模型。1）引发多瘤病毒DNA复制，2）通过置换合成形成长皮瓣，3）随后通过双链断裂修复产生重复的增强子。最后，