Abstract In controlled ecological life support system (CELSS), the water, oxygen, food and other life-support materials should be provided through material closure and circulation. Monovalent mineral salts were one kind of essential life-support substances for astronaut. However, few studies were focus on their recovery in CELSS. In this study, nanofiltration (NF) was used to investigate the feasibility of separating and recovering monovalent mineral salts from urine in CELSS by two membranes of DL and NF3. Results showed that the DL had higher flux and better monovalent ion separation efficiency (both the Scation and Sanion were lower) than the NF3. The organics in NF permeate was mainly urea which could be hydrolyzed into NH4+-N in natural. Under operation pressure of 8 bar, cross-flow velocity of 0.8 m/s, pH of 6.0, volume reduction factor (VRF) of 4.0 and through storing for 72 h, the monovalent ions could be separated effectively with multivalent ions and organics. The main component of the solid part in the product solution were Na+, K+, and Cl−, which accounted for 26.32%, 18.00% and 49.96%, respectively. The results of this study suggested that recovery of mineral salt of NaCl and KCl from urine in CELSS by nanofiltration was feasible.

中文翻译：

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在受控生态生命支持系统中通过纳滤从尿液中回收单价矿物盐：可行性研究

摘要 在受控生态生命支持系统（CELSS）中，水、氧气、食物等生命支持物质应通过物质闭合和循环提供。一价矿物盐是宇航员必不可少的一种维持生命的物质。然而，很少有研究关注他们在 CELSS 中的恢复。在本研究中，纳滤 (NF) 用于研究通过 DL 和 NF3 两种膜从 CELSS 中的尿液中分离和回收单价矿物盐的可行性。结果表明，与 NF3 相比，DL 具有更高的通量和更好的单价离子分离效率（Scation 和 Sanion 均较低）。NF渗透液中的有机物主要是尿素，可自然水解为NH4+-N。在 8 bar 的操作压力、0.8 m/s 的错流速度、6.0 的 pH 值下，体积减少因子（VRF）为4.0，通过储存72小时，单价离子可以与多价离子和有机物有效分离。产物溶液中固体部分的主要成分为Na+、K+和Cl-，分别占26.32%、18.00%和49.96%。该研究的结果表明，通过纳滤从 CELSS 中的尿液中回收 NaCl 和 KCl 的矿物盐是可行的。