Following the trend in asthma, endotypes for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) have been established, with Type 2 immune reactions representing 80-100% of nasal polyp cases in Europe and the US. Endotyping is without doubt useful to predict the natural course of disease, to determine pharmacotherapy and the extent of surgery, and lately also to select patients for Type 2 biologics. However, with the opening of this new era of treatment, also limitations of the current possibilities in subgrouping patients became apparent, as 1) mixed endotypes often can be found and 2) predictions on the best biologic to be used in an individual patient are not possible yet. Some of the questions to address in the near future are discussed.

中文翻译：

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慢性鼻鼻窦炎的内型：对管理的影响。

随着哮喘病的发展，已经建立了带有鼻息肉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的内型（CRSwNP），在欧洲和美国，2型免疫反应占鼻息肉病例的80-100％。内定型无疑对预测疾病的自然进程，确定药物治疗和手术范围以及最近为2型生物制剂选择患者有用。然而，随着新治疗时代的来临，对亚组患者的当前可能性的局限性也变得显而易见，因为1）经常可以找到混合的内型，并且2）对用于个体患者的最佳生物制剂的预测并没有可能的。讨论了在不久的将来要解决的一些问题。