In the last decade, over a dozen potent broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) to several HIV envelope protein epitopes have been identified, and their in vitro neutralization profiles have been defined. Many have demonstrated prevention efficacy in preclinical trials and favorable safety and pharmacokinetic profiles in early human clinical trials. The first human prevention efficacy trials using 10 sequential, every-two-month administrations of a single anti-HIV bnAb are anticipated to conclude in 2020. Combinations of complementary bnAbs and multi-specific bnAbs exhibit improved breadth and potency over most individual antibodies and are entering advanced clinical development. Genetic engineering of the Fc regions has markedly improved bnAb half-life, increased mucosal tissue concentrations of antibodies (especially in the genital tract), and enhanced immunomodulatory and Fc effector functionality, all of which improve antibodies' preventative and therapeutic potential. Human-derived monoclonal antibodies are likely to enter the realm of primary care prevention and therapy for viral infections in the near future.

中文翻译：

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广泛中和用于预防HIV的抗体。

在过去的十年中，已经鉴定出针对几种HIV包膜蛋白表位的十几种有效的广泛中和抗体（bnAb），并且已经定义了它们的体外中和谱。许多药物已在临床前试验中证明了预防功效，并在早期人类临床试验中证明了良好的安全性和药代动力学特征。预计将在2020年完成使用10种连续的，每两个月一次的单一抗HIV bnAb的人类预防功效试验。互补性bnAb和多特异性bnAb的组合具有比大多数单个抗体更高的广度和效力，进入先进的临床开发。Fc区的基因工程设计显着改善了bnAb半衰期，增加了抗体在粘膜组织中的浓度（尤其是在生殖道中），以及增强的免疫调节和Fc效应子功能，所有这些都可以提高抗体的预防和治疗潜力。在不久的将来，人源单克隆抗体可能会进入病毒感染的初级保健预防和治疗领域。