BACKGROUND Irrigated agriculture is key to increase agricultural productivity and ensure food security in Africa. However, unintended negative public health impacts (e.g. malaria) of such environmental modification have been a challenge. This study assessed the diversity and distribution of breeding habitats of malaria vector mosquitoes around Arjo-Dedessa irrigation development site in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS Anopheline mosquito larvae were surveyed from two agroecosystems, 'irrigated' and 'non-irrigated' areas during the dry (December 2017-February 2018) and wet (June 2018-August 2018) seasons. Mosquito habitat diversity and larval abundance were compared between the irrigated and non-irrigated areas. The association between anopheline mosquito larvae occurrence and environmental parameters was analysed using Pearson chi-square. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine primary parameters that influence the occurrence of anopheline larvae. RESULTS Overall, 319 aquatic habitats were surveyed during the study period. Around 60% (n = 152) of the habitats were positive for anopheline mosquito larvae, of which 63.8% (n = 97) and 36.2% (n = 55) were from irrigated and non-irrigated areas, respectively. The number of anopheline positive habitats was two-fold higher in irrigated than non-irrigated areas. Anopheline larval abundance in the irrigated area was 16.6% higher than the non-irrigated area. Pearson's chi-square analysis showed that season (χ2 = 63.122, df = 1, P < 0.001), agroecosystem (being irrigated or non-irrigated) (χ2 = 6.448, df = 1, P = 0.011), and turbidity (χ2 = 7.296, df = 2, P = 0.025) had a significant association with larval anopheline occurrence. CONCLUSIONS The study showed a higher anopheline mosquito breeding habitat diversity, larval occurrence and abundance in the irrigated than non-irrigated areas in both dry and wet seasons. This indicates that irrigation development activities contribute to proliferation of suitable mosquito breeding habitats that could increase the risk of malaria transmission. Incorporating larval source management into routine malaria vector control strategies could help reduce mosquito population density and malaria transmission around irrigation schemes.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚西南部Arjo​​-Dedessa灌溉发展点的环境改变对按蚊蚊子水生生境多样性和阳性的影响。

背景技术灌溉农业是提高非洲农业生产率和确保粮食安全的关键。然而，这种环境改变对公共健康的不良负面影响（例如疟疾）一直是一个挑战。这项研究评估了埃塞俄比亚西南部Arjo​​-Dedessa灌溉发展地点周围的疟疾媒介蚊子繁殖栖息地的多样性和分布。方法在干旱（2017年12月至2018年2月）和潮湿（2018年6月至2018年8月）两个季节，从``灌溉''和``非灌溉''两个农业生态系统对按蚊蚊幼虫进行了调查。比较了灌溉区和非灌溉区的蚊子栖息地的多样性和幼虫的丰度。使用皮尔逊卡方分析了按蚊蚊幼虫的发生与环境参数之间的关联。多元逻辑回归分析用于确定影响按蚊幼虫发生的主要参数。结果在研究期间，总共对319个水生生境进行了调查。约60％（n = 152）的栖息地对按蚊蚊幼虫呈阳性，其中63.8％（n = 97）和36.2％（n = 55）分别来自灌溉区和非灌溉区。灌溉区的按蚊阳性生境数量是非灌溉区的两倍。灌溉区的按蚊幼虫丰度比非灌溉区高16.6％。皮尔逊（Pearson）的卡方分析显示该季节（χ2= 63.122，df = 1，P <0.001），农业生态系统（灌溉或非灌溉）（χ2= 6.448，df = 1，P = 0.011）和浊度（χ2= 7.296，df = 2，P = 0.025）与幼虫按蚊碱的发生有显着相关。结论该研究表明，在干旱和潮湿季节，灌溉后的按蚊蚊繁殖栖息地的多样性，幼虫的发生和丰度要高于非灌溉区。这表明灌溉发展活动促进了合适的蚊子繁殖栖息地的繁殖，这可能增加疟疾传播的风险。将幼虫源管理纳入常规的疟疾媒介控制策略中可以帮助减少蚊虫种群密度和灌溉计划周围的疟疾传播。025）与幼虫按蚊发生有关。结论该研究表明，在干旱和潮湿季节，灌溉后的按蚊蚊繁殖栖息地的多样性，幼虫的发生和丰度要高于非灌溉区。这表明灌溉发展活动促进了合适的蚊子繁殖栖息地的繁殖，这可能增加疟疾传播的风险。将幼虫源管理纳入常规疟疾媒介控制策略中，可以帮助减少灌溉计划周围的蚊虫种群密度和疟疾传播。025）与幼虫按蚊发生有关。结论该研究表明，在干旱和潮湿季节，灌溉后的按蚊蚊繁殖栖息地的多样性，幼虫的发生和丰度要高于非灌溉区。这表明灌溉发展活动促进了合适的蚊子繁殖栖息地的繁殖，这可能增加疟疾传播的风险。将幼虫源管理纳入常规疟疾媒介控制策略中，可以帮助减少灌溉计划周围的蚊虫种群密度和疟疾传播。这表明灌溉发展活动促进了合适的蚊子繁殖栖息地的繁殖，这可能增加疟疾传播的风险。将幼虫源管理纳入常规疟疾媒介控制策略中，可以帮助减少灌溉计划周围的蚊虫种群密度和疟疾传播。这表明灌溉发展活动促进了合适的蚊子繁殖栖息地的繁殖，这可能增加疟疾传播的风险。将幼虫源管理纳入常规疟疾媒介控制策略中，可以帮助减少灌溉计划周围的蚊虫种群密度和疟疾传播。