BACKGROUND Strict glycaemic control early in the treatment process has been shown to reduce the occurrence of micro- and macro- vascular complications of diabetes in the long-term. Thus, treatment guidelines advise early intensification of treatment to achieve glycaemic control goals. However, evidence in Greece suggests that, despite guideline recommendations, glycaemic control among patients with T2DM remains challenging. This study presents the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with T2DM in Greece using data from an electronic registry designed specifically for this treatment category and investigates the factors that are independently associated with glycaemic control. METHODS This is a multi-center, observational, cross-sectional study to investigate epidemiological and clinical factors affecting glycaemic control among patients with T2DM in Greece. Data was collected via a web-based disease registry, the Diabetes Registry, which operated from January 1st to December 31st, 2017. Five large specialized diabetes centers operating in Greek hospitals participated in the study. RESULTS Data for 1141 patients were retrieved (aged 63.02 ± 12.65 years, 56.9% male). Glycaemic control (Hb1Ac < 7%) was not achieved in 57.1% of patients. Factors independently associated with poor glycaemic control were: family history of diabetes [OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.06-2.23], BMI score between 25 to 30 [OR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.05-4.13] or over 30 [OR: 2.12, 95% CI 1.12-4.07], elevated LDL levels [OR: 1.53, 95% 1.06-2.21] and low HDL levels [OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.44-3.12]. Lastly, use of injectable antidiabetic agents (in monotherapy or in combination) was less likely to be associated with poor glycaemic control versus treatment with combination of oral and injectable agents [OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.24-1.01]. This association was found to be marginally statistically significant. CONCLUSION Inadequate lipid control, family history of diabetes and presence of obesity (ΒΜΙ ≥ 30 kg/m2) were associated with poor glycaemic control among study sample, whereas use of injectable antidiabetic agents was less likely to be associated with poor glycaemic control. These findings indicate how complex optimal glycaemic control is, highlighting the need for tailored interventions in high-risk subpopulations with T2DM.

中文翻译：

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希腊2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制概况和相关因素：糖尿病登记处的结果。

背景技术长期以来，严格的血糖控制已被证明可以减少糖尿病患者微血管和大血管并发症的发生。因此，治疗指南建议尽早加强治疗以达到血糖控制目标。但是，希腊的证据表明，尽管有指南建议，但T2DM患者的血糖控制仍具有挑战性。这项研究使用专门为该治疗类别设计的电子注册表中的数据，展示了希腊T2DM患者的人口统计学和临床​​特征，并调查了与血糖控制独立相关的因素。方法这是一个多中心，观察性，该横断面研究旨在调查影响希腊T2DM患者血糖控制的流行病学和临床因素。数据是通过基于网络的疾病注册系统（Diabetes Registry）收集的，该系统于2017年1月1日至12月31日运行。在希腊医院运营的五个大型专业糖尿病中心参加了该研究。结果检索到1141例患者的数据（年龄63.02±12.65岁，男性56.9％）。57.1％的患者未实现血糖控制（Hb1Ac <7％）。与不良血糖控制独立相关的因素有：糖尿病家族史[OR：1.53，95％CI：1.06-2.23]，BMI评分在25到30之间[OR：2.08、95％CI：1.05-4.13]或超过30 [或：2.12，95％CI 1.12-4.07]，升高的低密度脂蛋白水平[或：1.53、95％1.06-2.21]和低HDL水平[OR：2.12、95％CI：1.44-3.12]。最后，与口服和注射药物联合治疗相比，使用注射抗糖尿病药物（单一疗法或联合疗法）与血糖控制不良相关的可能性较小[OR：0.50，95％CI：0.24-1.01]。发现该关联在统计学上仅具有显着意义。结论在研究样本中，脂质控制不足，糖尿病家族史和肥胖症存在（≥30 kg / m2）与血糖控制不佳有关，而注射用抗糖尿病药与血糖控制不佳的可能性较小。这些发现表明最佳的血糖控制有多么复杂，突显了在T2DM高危亚人群中需要量身定制的干预措施。