Abstract

Physical unclonable function (PUF) and true random number generator structures are important components used for security in cryptographic systems. Random numbers can be generated for cryptography by using these two components together. In particular, it is desirable that these numbers be unpredictable, non-reproducible and have good statistical properties. This study presents the design of a ring oscillator (RO)-based PUF in a field programmable gate array. Random numbers—obtained from a Chua circuit that exhibits chaotic behavior in 3D and continuous time—were applied to the RO-based PUF challenge inputs. Normalization operations were performed to convert the values in floating number format—obtained by sampling the Chua circuit—into the binary number system. Because modular arithmetic was used in the normalization process, it was simple and fast to obtain the generated numbers to be applied to the challenge inputs. NIST, autocorrelation and scale index tests were used to reveal the usability of the random numbers obtained by the RO-PUF for key generation. The results showed that the statistical properties of the numbers obtained were good and could be used in cryptography.

中文翻译：

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基于Chua和RO-PUF的真正随机数生成器：设计，实现和统计分析

摘要

物理不可克隆函数（PUF）和真正的随机数生成器结构是用于加密系统安全性的重要组件。通过将这两个组件一起使用，可以生成用于加密的随机数。特别地，希望这些数字是不可预测的，不可再现的并且具有良好的统计特性。这项研究提出了现场可编程门阵列中基于环形振荡器（RO）的PUF的设计。从Chua电路获得的随机数在3D和连续时间内表现出混沌行为，该随机数被应用于基于RO的PUF挑战输入。执行了标准化操作，以将通过对Chua电路进行采样而获得的浮点数格式的值转换为二进制数系统。由于在标准化过程中使用了模块化算法，获得生成的数字以应用于挑战输入既简单又快速。使用NIST，自相关和比例指数测试来揭示RO-PUF获得的用于密钥生成的随机数的可用性。结果表明，所得数字的统计性质良好，可用于密码学。