Optimal germination timing in unpredictable environments: the importance of dormancy for both among- and within-season variation.,Ecology Letters

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Optimal germination timing in unpredictable environments: the importance of dormancy for both among- and within-season variation.
Ecology Letters ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-28 , DOI: 10.1111/ele.13461
Hanna Ten Brink ₁ , Jennifer R Gremer ₂ , Hanna Kokko ₁

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For organisms living in unpredictable environments, timing important life-history events is challenging. One way to deal with uncertainty is to spread the emergence of offspring across multiple years via dormancy. However, timing of emergence is not only important among years, but also within each growing season. Here, we study the evolutionary interactions between germination strategies that deal with among- and within-season uncertainty. We use a modelling approach that considers among-season dormancy and within-season germination phenology of annual plants as potentially independent traits and study their separate and joint evolution in a variable environment. We find that higher among-season dormancy selects for earlier germination within the growing season. Furthermore, our results indicate that more unpredictable natural environments can counter-intuitively select for less risk-spreading within the season. Furthermore, strong priority effects select for earlier within-season germination phenology which in turn increases the need for bet hedging through among-season dormancy.

中文翻译：

不可预测的环境中的最佳发芽时间：休眠对于季节内和季节内变化的重要性。

对于生活在无法预测的环境中的生物来说，确定重要的生命历史事件的时间具有挑战性。处理不确定性的一种方法是通过休眠将后代的出现分散到多个年份。但是，出苗时间不仅在年份中很重要，而且在每个生长季节也很重要。在这里，我们研究了处理季节内和季节内不确定性的发芽策略之间的进化相互作用。我们使用一种建模方法，将一年生植物的季节休眠和季节内萌芽物候视为潜在的独立性状，并研究它们在可变环境中的单独和共同进化。我们发现，较高的季节间休眠选择在生长季节内较早发芽。此外，我们的结果表明，更多不可预测的自然环境可能会反直觉地选择季节内较少的风险分散。此外，强烈的优先效应选择了较早的季节内萌发物候，从而反过来增加了通过季节间休眠进行对冲的需求。

更新日期：2020-01-29

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