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Substrate quality and not dominant plant community determines the vertical distribution and C assimilation of enchytraeids in peatlands
Functional Ecology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-20 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13537 María Jesús Iglesias Briones 1 , Noela Carrera 1 , Jinhua Huang 2 , Maria Esther Barreal 3 , Rüdiger Maria Schmelz 4 , Mark H. Garnett 5
中文翻译：
基质质量而不是优势植物群落决定了泥炭地中包虫类的垂直分布和C同化
更新日期：2020-02-20
Functional Ecology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-20 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13537 María Jesús Iglesias Briones 1 , Noela Carrera 1 , Jinhua Huang 2 , Maria Esther Barreal 3 , Rüdiger Maria Schmelz 4 , Mark H. Garnett 5
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- Peatlands are important carbon (C) stores as a result of acidity, waterlogging conditions and low temperatures slowing decomposition rates. However, climate change is predicted to bring not only changes in abiotic conditions but also the replacement of peat‐forming vegetation, such as Sphagnum mosses, with vascular plants. In these systems, enchytraeid worms represent the dominant mesofaunal group, and previous climate change manipulations have shown that their abundances and vertical distribution are strongly influenced by temperature and moisture gradients, with important implications for C cycling. Therefore, determining their behavioural responses to changes in both abiotic and biotic factors is crucial to quantify their contribution to decomposition processes.
- We investigated the importance of vertical edaphic gradients (soil moisture and labile C) on enchytraeids total numbers, vertical distribution and feeding activities by inverting intact soil cores and hence, reversing both substrate quality but leaving the microclimatic gradients intact. This manipulative experiment was set up in two different peatland areas, one dominated by heather (Erica mackaiana) and another by mosses (Sphagnum sp.) to determine the influence of different plant functional growth forms on these responses.
- Our results showed that most enchytraeid species were ‘stayers’ (i.e. in the ‘Upturned cores’, they remained in the same layer where they are ‘Normally’ located), and hence, their vertical distribution was more dependent on substrate quality than a change in microclimate. This response was more evident under drier conditions (i.e. the highest locations of the height gradient at the heather site) than at the wettest locations (i.e. the bottom of the slope and under mosses) due to more pronounced vertical gradients in substrate quality. Furthermore, radiocarbon measurements on enchytraeid tissues showed that to avoid competition among the growing populations for the limited labile resources present in the top layers, enchytraeids selected older C sources.
- These findings indicate that future climate change scenarios will not only bring important changes in the abiotic conditions (temperature and moisture) and biotic properties of peatlands (both vegetation composition and below‐ground soil biota community structure and vertical distribution) but also alterations in the feeding preferences of key decomposers that could result in the mobilization of previously unavailable C pools.
中文翻译：
基质质量而不是优势植物群落决定了泥炭地中包虫类的垂直分布和C同化
- 泥炭地是重要的碳（C）储存地，因为酸度，涝渍条件和低温会减慢分解速度。但是，据预测，气候变化不仅会带来非生物条件的变化，而且还会使维管植物取代形成泥炭的植被（如泥炭藓）。在这些系统中，肠蠕虫蠕虫代表了主要的中鱼类群，并且先前的气候变化操纵已经表明，其丰度和垂直分布受到温度和湿度梯度的强烈影响，这对碳循环具有重要意义。因此，确定它们对非生物和生物因子变化的行为响应对于量化其对分解过程的贡献至关重要。
- 我们通过反转完整的土壤核心，从而研究了垂直深层梯度（土壤水分和不稳定的C）对肠线虫总数，垂直分布和进食活动的重要性，因此，颠倒了基质质量，但保留了微气候梯度。该操作性实验是在两个不同的泥炭地地区进行的，一个地区由希瑟（Erica mackaiana）主导，另一个由苔藓（Sphagnum sp。）主导，以确定不同植物功能生长形式对这些响应的影响。
- 我们的研究结果表明，大多数肠线虫种都是“滞留物”（即在“上翘的核”中，它们保持在“正常”位置的同一层中），因此，它们的垂直分布更多地取决于基质质量而不是变化。在小气候。由于基材质量的垂直梯度更加明显，因此在较干燥的条件下（即，石南花地处的高度梯度的最高位置），比在最湿的位置（即，斜坡的底部和苔藓下），该响应更为明显。此外，对包膜鞘组织的放射性碳测量表明，为避免生长种群对顶层中有限的不稳定资源的竞争，包膜囊选择了较老的C源。
- 这些发现表明，未来的气候变化情景不仅会给泥炭地的非生物条件（温度和湿度）和生物特性（植被组成和地下土壤生物群落结构和垂直分布）带来重要变化，而且还会改变喂养方式关键分解程序的偏好，可能导致动员以前不可用的C库。
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