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Mechanism of Activation of AMPK by Cordycepin.
Cell Chemical Biology ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-22 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.01.004
Simon A Hawley 1 , Fiona A Ross 1 , Fiona M Russell 1 , Abdelmadjid Atrih 2 , Douglas J Lamont 2 , D Grahame Hardie 1
Affiliation  

Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) is a major bioactive agent in Cordyceps militaris, a fungus used in traditional Chinese medicine. It has been proposed to have many beneficial metabolic effects by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), but the mechanism of activation remained uncertain. We report that cordycepin enters cells via adenosine transporters and is converted by cellular metabolism into mono-, di-, and triphosphates, which at high cordycepin concentrations can almost replace cellular adenine nucleotides. AMPK activation by cordycepin in intact cells correlates with the content of cordycepin monophosphate and not other cordycepin or adenine nucleotides. Genetic knockout of AMPK sensitizes cells to the cytotoxic effects of cordycepin. In cell-free assays, cordycepin monophosphate mimics all three effects of AMP on AMPK, while activation in cells is blocked by a γ-subunit mutation that prevents activation by AMP. Thus, cordycepin is a pro-drug that activates AMPK by being converted by cellular metabolism into the AMP analog cordycepin monophosphate.

中文翻译:

虫草素激活 AMPK 的机制。

虫草素(3'-脱氧腺苷)是蛹虫草(一种用于中药的真菌)中的主要生物活性剂。已经提出通过激活 AMP 活化蛋白激酶 (AMPK) 具有许多有益的代谢作用,但激活机制仍不确定。我们报告说,虫草素通过腺苷转运蛋白进入细胞,并通过细胞代谢转化为单磷酸、二磷酸和三磷酸,在高浓度的虫草素下几乎可以替代细胞腺嘌呤核苷酸。完整细胞中虫草素对 AMPK 的激活与虫草素单磷酸的含量相关,而与其他虫草素或腺嘌呤核苷酸的含量无关。AMPK 的基因敲除使细胞对虫草素的细胞毒性作用敏感。在无细胞试验中,虫草素单磷酸模拟 AMP 对 AMPK 的所有三种影响,而细胞中的激活被阻止 AMP 激活的 γ 亚基突变阻止。因此,虫草素是一种前药,可通过细胞代谢转化为 AMP 类似物虫草素单磷酸酯来激活 AMPK。
更新日期:2020-01-27
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