On-going studies of phytoplankton-bacterioplankton interactions at the long-term ecological research site Helgoland Roads have indicated that many of the heterotrophic bacterial taxa have not yet been cultivated. A high-throughput approach combining whole cell matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization – time of flight mass spectroscopy with 16S rRNA gene sequencing was applied to the spring bloom of 2016. Aiming at an assessment of cultivability during a spring bloom, cultivation on solid marine media had to be used since dilution to extinction would not have been feasible for a high-throughput approach, as performed in this study. A total of 5023 isolates were obtained from nine weekly samples on eight different solid media between the early-bloom and post-bloom periods. Most of the 4136 strains identified affiliated with Bacteroidetes (13.3%), Gammaproteobacteria (26.9%), Alphaproteobacteria (40.6%) and Actinobacteria (6.7%). Of the 271 operational phylogenetic units (OPUs) identified, 13 are likely to represent novel genera and 143 novel species. A comparison with 16S rRNA gene tag data indicated that most of the isolates were rather rare in surface waters, with the exception of five OPUs affiliating with Rhodobacteraceae, Polaribacter, Psychromonas and Pseudoalteromonas. The effort yielded many novel isolates, yet most of the abundant heterotrophic bacteria still remained elusive. The large strain collection obtained will not only provide insights into the succession of the cultivable fraction of the bacterioplankton, but also enable fine-tuned taxonomic and physiological follow-up studies for improving our knowledge on heterotrophic bacteria in North Sea waters.

在长期的生态研究站点Helgoland Roads上进行的浮游植物与浮游细菌相互作用的持续研究表明，许多异养细菌类群尚未被种植。高通量方法将全细胞基质辅助激光解吸电离–飞行时间质谱与16S rRNA基因测序相结合，已应用于2016年春季开花。旨在评估春季开花期间的可培养性，在固体海洋培养基上进行培养必须使用稀释法，因为如本研究中所述，对于高通量方法而言，稀释至灭绝是不可行的。在开花初期和开花后期之间的八种不同固体培养基上，从九个每周的样品中总共获得了5023株分离株。鉴定出的4136株大多数与拟杆菌（13.3％），γ-变形杆菌（26.9％），α-变形杆菌（40.6％）和放线菌（6.7％）。在确定的271个操作系统发生单位（OPU）中，有13个代表新属，而143个代表新种。与16S rRNA基因标签数据的比较表明，大多数菌株是在地表水相当罕见，与五个OPUS与联盟关系异常Rhodobacteraceae，Polaribacter，Psychromonas和假交替。这项努力产生了许多新颖的分离株，但大多数丰富的异养细菌仍然难以捉摸。获得的大量菌株不仅可以提供浮游细菌可培养部分的继承信息，而且还可以进行精细的分类学和生理学后续研究，以提高我们对北海水域异养细菌的认识。