Application of KMnO₄ for preventing the formation of cyanobacterial bloom at early growth stage has not been reported. Antibiotics generate hormesis effects in cyanobacteria at currently reported concentrations, which may negatively affect the control of cyanobacterial bloom. This study assessed the treatment performance of KMnO₄ in Microcystis aeruginosa with and without the existence of the antibiotic mixture composed of four simultaneously detected antibiotics in aquatic environments (sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin and tetracycline). KMnO₄ downregulated two chlorophyll a synthetases (chlG and chlM), 14 photosynthesis-related proteins and two microcystin synthetases (mcyB and mcyD) in M. aeruginosa, and reduced chlorophyll a content, photosynthetic activity and microcystin concentration in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition of photosynthesis and biosynthesis resulted in extended lag phase and decreased growth rate in KMnO₄-treated Microcystis aeruginosa. In contrast, mixed antibiotics upregulated 6 oxidation-reduction proteins, a cell division regulatory protein (MAE_37210), 14 photosynthesis-related proteins, 14 biosynthesis-related proteins (including microcystin synthetases mcyA and mcyB) and a microcystin transport protein (mcyH), which consequently reduced oxidative stress, shortened lag phase as well as significantly stimulated (p < 0.05) cyanobacterial growth, photosynthetic activity, microcystin synthesis and microcystin release in KMnO₄-treated M. aeruginosa. An optimal dose of 3 mg L⁻¹ was suggested for KMnO₄ treatment. Mixed antibiotics should be controlled below a no-impact threshold of 20 ng L⁻¹ (5 ng L^-1 for each antibiotic) for eliminating their adverse effects during KMnO₄ treatment of cyanobacteria in antibiotics polluted environments.

尚未报道使用KMnO ₄防止在早期生长阶段形成蓝藻水华。在目前报告的浓度下，抗生素会在蓝细菌中产生兴奋作用，这可能会对蓝细菌开花的控制产生负面影响。这项研究评估了在水生环境中同时存在和不存在由四种同时检测到的抗生素（磺胺甲恶唑，环丙沙星，阿莫西林和四环素）组成的抗生素混合物时，KMnO ₄在铜绿微囊藻中的治疗性能。KMnO ₄下调了两个叶绿素a合成酶（chlG和chlM），14个与光合作用相关的蛋白和两个微囊藻毒素合成酶（mcyB和mcyD）。铜绿假单胞菌，并以剂量依赖性方式降低叶绿素a含量，光合活性和微囊藻毒素浓度。在KMnO ₄处理的铜绿微囊藻中，抑制光合作用和生物合成导致延长的延迟期和降低生长速率。相比之下，混合抗生素上调了6种氧化还原蛋白，一种细胞分裂调节蛋白（MAE_37210），14种光合作用相关蛋白，14种生物合成相关蛋白（包括微囊藻毒素合成酶mcyA和mcyB）和微囊藻毒素转运蛋白（mcyH）。因此减少了氧化应激，缩短了滞后阶段，并显着促进了（p<0.05）在KMnO ₄处理的铜绿假单胞菌中，蓝细菌的生长，光合活性，微囊藻毒素合成和微囊藻毒素释放。对于KMnO ₄处理，建议最佳剂量为3 mg L ^-1。混合抗生素应控制在20 ng L ^-1的无影响阈值以下（每种抗生素5 ng L ^-1），以消除在受污染的抗生素环境中用KMnO ₄处理蓝细菌时产生的不利影响。