An analysis of a data set consisting of 3 years of high time resolution radioxenon stack measurements from the three nuclear reactors at the Forsmark nuclear power plant in Sweden, as well as measurements of atmospheric radioxenon in Stockholm air, 110 km away, is presented. The main causes for the stack releases, such as the function of the xenon mitigation systems, presence of leaking fuel elements, and reactor operations such as shutdown and startup, are discussed in relation to the stack data. The relation between radioxenon releases and reactor operation is clearly illustrated by the correlation between the stack measurements and thermal reactor power. In general, the isotopic ratios of the Stockholm measurements, which are shown to mainly originate from Forsmark releases, agree well with stack measurements, and with a modeled reactor operational sequence. Results from a forward atmospheric dispersion calculation agree very well with observed plume arrival times and widths, and with some exceptions, also with absolute activity concentrations. The results illustrates the importance of detailed knowledge of radioxenon emissions from nuclear power plants when interpreting radioxenon measurements for nuclear test ban verification, and provide new input to this kind of analysis. Furthermore, it demonstrates the possibility to use sensitive radioxenon detection systems to remotely detect and verify reactor operation.

中文翻译：

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核电站释放的放射性氙：烟囱数据和大气测量

对数据集进行了分析，该数据集由瑞典 Forsmark 核电站三个核反应堆的 3 年高时间分辨率放射性氙气堆测量值以及 110 公里外斯德哥尔摩空气中的大气放射性氙气测量值组成。烟囱释放的主要原因，例如氙气缓释系统的功能、燃料元件泄漏的存在以及反应堆运行（例如关闭和启动），都将结合烟囱数据进行讨论。放射性氙释放和反应堆运行之间的关系可以通过烟囱测量和热反应堆功率之间的相关性清楚地说明。一般来说，斯德哥尔摩测量的同位素比率，主要来自 Forsmark 释放，与堆栈测量非常吻合，并具有模拟的反应堆运行顺序。前向大气扩散计算的结果与观测到的羽流到达时间和宽度非常吻合，除了一些例外，还与绝对活动浓度吻合。结果说明了在解释放射性氙测量值以进行核试验禁令验证时详细了解核电厂放射性氙排放的重要性，并为此类分析提供了新的输入。此外，它还证明了使用灵敏的放射性氙检测系统远程检测和验证反应堆运行的可能性。结果说明了在解释放射性氙测量值以进行核试验禁令验证时详细了解核电厂放射性氙排放的重要性，并为此类分析提供了新的输入。此外，它展示了使用灵敏的放射性氙检测系统远程检测和验证反应堆运行的可能性。结果说明了在解释放射性氙测量值以进行核试验禁令验证时详细了解核电厂放射性氙排放的重要性，并为此类分析提供了新的输入。此外，它展示了使用灵敏的放射性氙检测系统远程检测和验证反应堆运行的可能性。