Microtubules derived from the Golgi (Golgi MTs) have been implicated to play critical roles in persistent cell migration, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive, partially due to the lack of direct observation of Golgi MT-dependent vesicular trafficking. Here, using super-resolution stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), we discovered that post-Golgi cargos are more enriched on Golgi MTs and also surprisingly move much faster than on non-Golgi MTs. We found that, compared to non-Golgi MTs, Golgi MTs are morphologically more polarized toward the cell leading edge with significantly fewer inter-MT intersections. In addition, Golgi MTs are more stable and contain fewer lattice repair sites than non-Golgi MTs. Our STORM/live-cell imaging demonstrates that cargos frequently pause at the sites of both MT intersections and MT defects. Furthermore, by optogenetic maneuvering of cell direction, we demonstrate that Golgi MTs are essential for persistent cell migration but not for cells to change direction. Together, our study unveils the role of Golgi MTs in serving as a group of "fast tracks" for anterograde trafficking of post-Golgi cargos.

中文翻译：

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高尔基体相关的微管是快速的货物运输路线，是持续细胞迁移所必需的。

高尔基体（Golgi MTs）衍生的微管被认为在持续的细胞迁移中起着关键作用，但其潜在机制仍然难以捉摸，部分原因是缺乏对高尔基体（Golgi MT）依赖性囊泡运输的直接观察。在这里，使用超分辨率随机光学重建显微镜（STORM），我们发现高尔基山脉地区的后高尔基货物更加丰富，而且出人意料地比非高尔基山脉的运输速度快得多。我们发现，与非高尔基MT相比，高尔基MT在形态上朝着细胞前沿更极化，且MT间的交点少得多。另外，高尔基MT比非高尔基MT更稳定并且具有更少的晶格修复位点。我们的STORM /活细胞成像表明，货物经常在MT交叉点和MT缺陷的位置停顿。此外，通过细胞方向的光遗传学操作，我们证明了高尔基MTs对于持续的细胞迁移至关重要，但对于细胞改变方向而言却不是必需的。总之，我们的研究揭示了高尔基MT的作用，它们是高尔基后后货物顺行贩运的“快速通道”。