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Biochar is superior to lime in improving acidic soil properties and fruit quality of Satsuma mandarin.
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136722 Songwei Wu 1 , Ying Zhang 2 , Qiling Tan 3 , Xuecheng Sun 3 , Wenhua Wei 4 , Chengxiao Hu 1
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136722 Songwei Wu 1 , Ying Zhang 2 , Qiling Tan 3 , Xuecheng Sun 3 , Wenhua Wei 4 , Chengxiao Hu 1
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A better understanding is required for using biochar as an alternative option to lime materials for sustainable amelioration of soil acidity and improvement of fruit quality in acidic soils. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the comparative effects of biochar (three different dosages of biochar, 1%, 2% and 4%, were denoted by BC-1, BC-2 and BC-3, respectively) and lime (three different dosages of lime, 1.2, 2.4 and 3.6 g kg-1, were denoted by L-1, L-2 and L-3, respectively) on soil properties and fruit acidity of Satsuma mandarin. The decreased rates of fruit titratable acid (TA) by BC-1, BC-2 and BC-3 were 16.18%, 25.00% and 14.71%, which were higher than those by L-1, L-2 and L-3 were 11.76%, 16.18% and 5.88%. Moreover, the increased rates of fruit total soluble solid (TSS)/TA were 14.94%, 31.73%, 28.04% by BC-1, BC-2 and BC-3, but were 11.42%, 21.77%, 10.15% by L-1, L-2 and L-3, suggesting that biochar had better effects on improving fruit quality. Acidic soil properties were improved by biochar and lime, but biochar had better amelioration effects, as evidenced by soil-treated with BC-2 and BC-3 had greater increases of soil pH, soil respiration (SR) and microbial metabolic quotient, activities of soil urease (SU), invertase (SI), catalase (CAT) and cellulose (SC), and concentrations of soil phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg). Principal component analysis showed that soil pH, SR, SU, SI and CAT were main contributors to the differences of improvement effects of biochar and lime. Correlation analysis showed that fruit TA had negative relationships with soil pH, SU, SI, CAT, SC and soil P, K, Mg. This study indicates that the better effects of biochar on improving fruit quality of Satsuma mandarin were associated with the greater effects of it on improving acidic soil properties.
中文翻译：
生物炭在改善酸性土壤特性和萨摩柑桔果实品质方面优于石灰。
对于将生物炭用作石灰材料的替代选择，以可持续改善土壤酸度和改善酸性土壤中的果实品质，需要有更好的理解。在这项研究中，进行了盆栽实验以研究生物炭的比较效果（三种不同剂量的生物炭，分别以BC-1，BC-2和BC-3表示1％，2％和4％）和石灰（萨摩柑的土壤特性和果实酸度）（三种不同剂量的石灰分别为1.2、2.4和3.6 g kg-1分别由L-1，L-2和L-3表示）。BC-1，BC-2和BC-3对水果可滴定酸（TA）的降低率分别为16.18％，25.00％和14.71％，高于L-1，L-2和L-3 11.76％，16.18％和5.88％。此外，BC-1对水果总可溶性固形物（TSS）/ TA的增加率分别为14.94％，31.73％，28.04％，BC-2和BC-3的L-1，L-2和L-3含量分别为11.42％，21.77％，10.15％，这表明生物炭对改善果实品质具有更好的作用。生物炭和石灰改善了酸性土壤的性质，但生物炭具有更好的改善作用，如BC-2和BC-3处理过的土壤所证明的，土壤pH值，土壤呼吸（SR）和微生物代谢商，活性的增加更大。土壤脲酶（SU），转化酶（SI），过氧化氢酶（CAT）和纤维素（SC），以及土壤磷（P），钾（K）和镁（Mg）的浓度。主成分分析表明，土壤pH，SR，SU，SI和CAT是造成生物炭和石灰改善效果差异的主要因素。相关分析表明，果实TA与土壤pH，SU，SI，CAT，SC和土壤P，K，Mg呈负相关。
更新日期：2020-01-26
中文翻译：
生物炭在改善酸性土壤特性和萨摩柑桔果实品质方面优于石灰。
对于将生物炭用作石灰材料的替代选择，以可持续改善土壤酸度和改善酸性土壤中的果实品质，需要有更好的理解。在这项研究中，进行了盆栽实验以研究生物炭的比较效果（三种不同剂量的生物炭，分别以BC-1，BC-2和BC-3表示1％，2％和4％）和石灰（萨摩柑的土壤特性和果实酸度）（三种不同剂量的石灰分别为1.2、2.4和3.6 g kg-1分别由L-1，L-2和L-3表示）。BC-1，BC-2和BC-3对水果可滴定酸（TA）的降低率分别为16.18％，25.00％和14.71％，高于L-1，L-2和L-3 11.76％，16.18％和5.88％。此外，BC-1对水果总可溶性固形物（TSS）/ TA的增加率分别为14.94％，31.73％，28.04％，BC-2和BC-3的L-1，L-2和L-3含量分别为11.42％，21.77％，10.15％，这表明生物炭对改善果实品质具有更好的作用。生物炭和石灰改善了酸性土壤的性质，但生物炭具有更好的改善作用，如BC-2和BC-3处理过的土壤所证明的，土壤pH值，土壤呼吸（SR）和微生物代谢商，活性的增加更大。土壤脲酶（SU），转化酶（SI），过氧化氢酶（CAT）和纤维素（SC），以及土壤磷（P），钾（K）和镁（Mg）的浓度。主成分分析表明，土壤pH，SR，SU，SI和CAT是造成生物炭和石灰改善效果差异的主要因素。相关分析表明，果实TA与土壤pH，SU，SI，CAT，SC和土壤P，K，Mg呈负相关。
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