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Attention bias towards threat in African American children exposed to early life trauma.
Behavioural Brain Research ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-25 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112513
Maya Lakshman 1 , Lauren Murphy 2 , Yara Mekawi 1 , Sierra Carter 3 , Maria Briscione 1 , Bekh Bradley 4 , Erin B Tone 3 , Seth D Norrholm 5 , Tanja Jovanovic 6 , Abigail Powers 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Attentional bias is linked to a range of mood disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present study examined attention bias patterns in African American children exposed to trauma, in order to better understand potential risk factors for PTSD. METHODS 31 children (ages 8-14) completed an eye-tracking task to assess gaze bias patterns while viewing pairs of emotional and neutral faces. Trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms were assessed in a subsample of children (n = 24). RESULTS Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) results examining attention bias indices and gender showed greater attention bias toward angry faces than happy faces (p < 0.01) and toward emotional faces in males than females (p < 0.05). Correlational analyses showed attention bias toward angry faces was associated with greater levels of child trauma exposure (p < 0.05). Based on linear regression analysis, child trauma exposure accounted for 17 % of variance in attention bias toward angry versus neutral faces independent of gender or posttraumatic stress symptoms (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Trauma exposure in children is related to altered attention bias, via enhanced attention towards threatening cues. Results contribute to evidence that males and females may exhibit different attentional patterns. This study highlights the importance of additional research on attention bias patterns and prospective mental health outcomes across gender and through development.

中文翻译:

遭受生命早期创伤的非洲裔美国儿童的注意力偏向于威胁。

背景技术注意偏见与一系列情绪障碍有关,包括创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)。本研究检查了遭受创伤的非裔美国儿童的注意偏见模式,以便更好地了解PTSD的潜在危险因素。方法31名儿童(8-14岁)完成了一次眼动追踪任务,以评估注视偏见的模式,同时观察成对的情绪化和中性面孔。在儿童子样本(n = 24)中评估了创伤暴露和PTSD症状。结果重复测量方差分析(ANOVA)的结果检查了注意偏倚指数和性别,结果表明,与生气的面孔相比,生气的面孔(p <0.01)对情感面孔的偏见更大(p <0.05),而对男性的情感面孔的偏见(p <0.05)。相关分析表明,对愤怒面孔的注意力偏向与儿童创伤暴露水平较高相关(p <0.05)。根据线性回归分析,儿童暴露于外伤占愤怒与中性面孔注意力偏倚的方差的17%,与性别或创伤后应激症状无关(p <0.05)。结论:儿童对创伤的暴露与注意力偏向的改变有关,这是通过增强对威胁线索的注意力引起的。结果有助于证明男性和女性可能表现出不同的注意力模式。这项研究强调了关于关注偏见模式和跨性别以及通过发展的预期心理健康结果的附加研究的重要性。与性别或创伤后应激症状无关的儿童中,儿童创伤暴露占针对愤怒与中性面孔的注意力偏差的17%(p <0.05)。结论:儿童对创伤的暴露与注意力偏向的改变有关,这是通过增强对威胁线索的注意力引起的。结果有助于证明男性和女性可能表现出不同的注意力模式。这项研究强调了关于关注偏见模式和跨性别以及通过发展的预期心理健康结果的附加研究的重要性。与性别或创伤后压力症状无关,儿童暴露于外伤占生气或中性面孔注意力偏倚的差异的17%(p <0.05)。结论:儿童对创伤的暴露与注意力偏向的改变有关,这是通过增强对威胁线索的注意力引起的。结果有助于证明男性和女性可能表现出不同的注意力模式。这项研究强调了关于关注偏见模式和跨性别以及通过发展的预期心理健康结果的附加研究的重要性。结果有助于证明男性和女性可能表现出不同的注意力模式。这项研究强调了关于关注偏见模式和跨性别以及通过发展的预期心理健康结果的附加研究的重要性。结果有助于证明男性和女性可能表现出不同的注意力模式。这项研究强调了关于关注偏见模式和跨性别以及通过发展的预期心理健康结果的附加研究的重要性。
更新日期:2020-01-26
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