Klebsiella pneumoniae is a pathogenic bacterium that is responsible for a wide range of infections in humans. An increased rate of infections caused by multi-drug-resistant K. pneumoniae has been noted in the last two decades. The association between antimicrobial resistance and virulence is an important topic of study. Genomic tools have been used widely for the detection of virulence. In our study, we used proteomic analysis with mass spectrometry and bioinformatics tools to explore the virulence factors of both ESBL-producing and non-ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and to determine the association between virulence and antimicrobial resistance in these clinical isolates. We have revealed different proteomic profiles and different pathways between the ESBL- and non-ESBL-producing groups. Many proteins involved in stress responses have been reported in the shared proteome between ESBL-and non-ESBL producers, such as ElaB protein, Lon protease, and universal stress proteins G and A. The virulence and pathogenicity of ESBL-producing bacteria were stronger than those of the non-ESBL-producing bacteria. Several unique virulence determinants were identified in ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, such as proteins with lyase, catalase, isochorismatase, and oxidoreductase activity.

肺炎克雷伯菌是一种致病菌，可引起人类多种感染。在过去二十年中，多重耐药肺炎克雷伯菌引起的感染率有所增加。抗菌素耐药性和毒力之间的关联是一个重要的研究课题。基因组工具已广泛用于毒力检测。在我们的研究中，我们使用蛋白质组分析、质谱和生物信息学工具来探索产 ESBL 和不产 ESBL肺炎克雷伯菌的毒力因子，并确定这些临床分离株的毒力与抗菌素耐药性之间的关联。我们揭示了产 ESBL 和非 ESBL 群体之间不同的蛋白质组谱和不同的途径。据报道，许多与应激反应有关的蛋白质存在于 ESBL 和非 ESBL 生产菌之间的共享蛋白质组中，例如 ElaB 蛋白、Lon 蛋白酶以及通用应激蛋白 G 和 A。产 ESBL 细菌的毒力和致病性强于产 ESBL 细菌。那些不产生 ESBL 的细菌。在产 ESBL肺炎克雷伯菌中鉴定出几种独特的毒力决定簇，例如具有裂合酶、过氧化氢酶、异分支酶和氧化还原酶活性的蛋白质。