Abstract Consumers’ physiological responses, such as heart rate, electrodermal responses and frontal alpha activity can enhance the understanding of the consumers’ food experience. This study looked at physiological responses of the autonomic nervous system (heart rate, electrodermal responses) as a measure for level of arousal, and to responses of the central nervous system (frontal alpha asymmetry, FAA) as a measure for approach/withdrawal motivational tendency, to accepted (liked) and non-accepted (disliked) solutions and drinks. Participants (n = 32, age range: 18–34 years) were presented with a universally accepted (sucrose) and non-accepted (caffeine) solution, a personally selected accepted and non-accepted drink, and plain water. Heart rate, heart rate variability, electrodermal activity and electro-encephalography for FAA at F7 and F8 (10/20 system, 25 channels, 256 Hz) were registered during tasting. Statistical analysis consisted of linear mixed model analyses. We found a significantly higher heart rate during tasting of the personally selected non-accepted drink and a significantly lower latency of the electrodermal response during tasting of the universally non-accepted solution and personally selected non-accepted drink. No significant results were observed for FAA. This is one of the first studies that examined physiological responses including frontal alpha asymmetry during actual tasting. This study provides an exploratory method to obtain implicit measurement of acceptance and food product-elicited emotion through physiological responses and supports the importance of the inclusion of implicit measures, next to explicit measures, in sensory evaluation of food products.

中文翻译：

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心率、皮肤电反应和额叶阿尔法不对称对接受和不接受的解决方案和饮料

摘要 消费者的生理反应，如心率、皮肤电反应和额叶α活动，可以增强对消费者食物体验的了解。本研究将自主神经系统的生理反应（心率、皮肤电反应）作为唤醒水平的衡量标准，并将中枢神经系统的反应（额叶阿尔法不对称，FAA）作为接近/退出动机倾向的衡量标准, 接受（喜欢）和不接受（不喜欢）的解决方案和饮料。参与者（n = 32，年龄范围：18-34 岁）接受了普遍接受的（蔗糖）和不接受的（咖啡因）溶液、个人选择的接受和不接受的饮料以及白开水。心率，心率变异性，在品尝期间记录了 F7 和 F8（10/20 系统，25 个通道，256 Hz）的 FAA 的皮肤电活动和脑电图。统计分析包括线性混合模型分析。我们发现在品尝个人选择的非接受饮料期间心率明显更高，并且在品尝普遍不接受的溶液和个人选择的非接受饮料期间皮肤电反应的潜伏期显着降低。美国联邦航空局没有观察到显着结果。这是最早检查生理反应的研究之一，包括实际品尝过程中的额叶阿尔法不对称性。