Carbon Capture and Storage has the potential to make a significant contribution to the mitigation of climate change, however there is a regulatory and societal obligation to demonstrate storage robustness and minimal local environmental impact. This requires an understanding of environmental impact potential and detectability of a range of hypothetical leak scenarios. In the absence of a significant body of real-world release experiments this study collates the results of 86 modelled scenarios of offshore marine releases derived from five different model systems. This synthesis demonstrates a consistent generalised relationship between leak rate, detectability and impact potential of a wide range of hypothetical releases from CO₂ storage, which can be described by a power law. For example a leak of the order of 1 T per day should be detectable at, at least, 60 m distance with an environmental impact restricted to less than a 15 m radius of the release point. Small releases are likely to require bottom mounted (lander) monitoring to ensure detection. In summary this work, when coupled with a quantification of leakage risk can deliver a first order environmental impact assessment as an aid to the consenting process. Further this work demonstrates that non-catastrophic release events can be detected at thresholds well below levels which would undermine storage performance or significantly impact the environment, given an appropriate monitoring strategy.

碳捕集与封存有可能为缓解气候变化做出重大贡献，但是，监管和社会义务有力证明了封存的稳健性和对当地环境的影响最小。这要求了解潜在的环境影响和一系列假设泄漏场景的可检测性。在缺乏大量现实世界释放实验的情况下，本研究将整理来自五个不同模型系统的86种海上海洋释放情景的结果。该合成证明了泄漏速率，可检测性与各种假设的CO ₂释放释放影响力之间的一致的广义关系。存储，可以用幂定律来描述。例如，每天至少应在60 m的距离处检测到大约1 T的泄漏，并且对环境的影响应限制在释放点半径的15 m以内。小版本可能需要在底部安装（着陆器）监控以确保检测到。总而言之，这项工作与泄漏风险的量化相结合，可以进行一级环境影响评估，以帮助达成共识。此外，这项工作表明，在适当的监控策略下，可以在远低于以下阈值的水平上检测到非灾难性释放事件，这将破坏存储性能或严重影响环境。