The preparation and practical applications of molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors (MIECSs) remain challenging due to issues involving electrode surface renewal modes, low adsorption capacities, and sample preparation speeds. To solve these issues, magnetic molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors (MMIECSs) have been extensively explored by various groups. Recently, MMIECSs fabricated based on diverse strategies have yielded insight into the development of MIECSs, and they have provided effective paths for sample preparation, immobilization and renewal of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) on the electrode surface, leading to promising performances of MIECSs. This review comprehensively describes the research advances for various types of MMIECSs and their applications in the fields of food safety, environmental monitoring, and clinical and pharmaceutical analysis. Based on our understanding of MMIECSs, the literature in this field is thoroughly explored and classified in this review. The challenges existing in this research area and some potential strategies for the rational design of high-performance MMIECS are also outlined.

中文翻译：

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磁性分子印迹电化学传感器：综述

由于涉及电极表面更新模式、低吸附能力和样品制备速度等问题，分子印迹电化学传感器 (MIECS) 的制备和实际应用仍然具有挑战性。为了解决这些问题，磁性分子印迹电化学传感器（MMIECS）已被各种团体广泛探索。最近，基于多种策略制备的 MMIECSs 深入了解了 MIECSs 的发展，它们为电极表面分子印迹聚合物 (MIPs) 的样品制备、固定和更新提供了有效途径，从而使 MIECSs 具有良好的性能。本综述全面描述了各类MMIECSs的研究进展及其在食品安全、环境监测、以及临床和药物分析。基于我们对 MMIECS 的理解，本综述对该领域的文献进行了彻底的探索和分类。还概述了该研究领域存在的挑战以及合理设计高性能 MMIECS 的一些潜在策略。