Modeling has enabled fundamental advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of health and disease for centuries, since at least the time of William Harvey almost 500 years ago. Recent technological advances in molecular methods, computation, and imaging generate optimism that mathematical modeling will enable the biomedical research community to accelerate its efforts in unraveling the molecular, cellular, tissue-, and organ-level processes that maintain health, predispose to disease, and determine response to treatment. In this review, we discuss some of the roles of mathematical modeling in the study of human physiology and pathophysiology and some challenges and opportunities in general and in two specific areas: in vivo modeling of pulmonary function and in vitro modeling of blood cell populations.

中文翻译：

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用数学模型揭示疾病的病理生理学。

自从至少500年前的威廉·哈维（William Harvey）时代以来，建模就已经使我们对健康和疾病机制的理解有了根本性的进步。分子方法，计算和成像技术的最新技术发展使人们乐观地认为，数学建模将使生物医学研究界能够加快其在维持健康，易患疾病和疾病的分子，细胞，组织和器官水平的进程中的努力。确定对治疗的反应。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了数学建模在人类生理学和病理生理学研究中的一些作用，以及在一般和两个特定领域中的挑战和机遇：在肺功能的体内建模和在血细胞群体的体外建模。