BACKGROUND Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is a rare adverse drug reaction associated with aromatic anticonvulsant drugs. This syndrome can range from mild cutaneous rash to drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms that include fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, and involvement of multiple internal organs. We aimed to report this case in the literature and make physicians aware of the uncommon symptoms of this syndrome when they prescribe antiepileptic medications in particular. CASE PRESENTATION A 14-year-old Middle Eastern female patient from Iran with free past medical and allergic history was admitted to hospital because of fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and pancytopenia after taking anticonvulsants due to new-onset seizure. High fever and cutaneous rash along with lymphadenopathy following administration of anticonvulsant medications that could not be explained by other causes alerted the physician to the possibility of this syndrome. Our investigation revealed no further diagnosis and 1 week after discontinuation of the drugs, her symptoms were resolved. Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is a diagnosis of exclusion and immediate discontinuation of the suspicious drugs is necessary. Hence, early recognition can prevent permanent multiorgan damage. CONCLUSIONS Chlorpheniramine as a simple treatment was provided for this syndrome.

中文翻译：

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一名14岁女性，有发烧，皮疹，淋巴结肿大和血细胞减少症：一例病例报告。

背景技术抗惊厥药超敏反应综合征是与芳香族抗惊厥药相关的罕见的药物不良反应。该综合征的范围从轻度皮疹到与嗜酸性粒细胞增多和全身症状的药物反应，包括发热，皮疹，淋巴结病，全血细胞减少和多个内部器官受累等全身症状。我们旨在在文献中报道此病例，并让医生在特别开处方抗癫痫药时意识到该综合征的罕见症状。病例介绍一名来自伊朗的14岁中东女性患者，她曾经有过既往的医学和过敏史，因发烧，皮疹，淋巴结病和全血细胞减少症而因新发作而服用抗惊厥药后入院。服用抗惊厥药后出现高烧，皮疹以及淋巴结肿大，其他原因无法解释，这使医生意识到了这种综合征的可能性。我们的调查显示没有进一步的诊断，停药后1周，她的症状得到了缓解。抗惊厥性超敏反应综合征是一种排除诊断，必须立即停用可疑药物。因此，早期识别可以防止永久性多器官损伤。结论氯苯那敏是该综合征的一种简单治疗方法。她的症状得到了解决。抗惊厥性超敏反应综合征是一种排除性诊断，必须立即停用可疑药物。因此，早期识别可以防止永久性多器官损伤。结论氯苯那敏是该综合征的一种简单治疗方法。她的症状得到了解决。抗惊厥性超敏反应综合征是一种排除性诊断，必须立即停用可疑药物。因此，早期识别可以防止永久性多器官损伤。结论氯苯那敏是该综合征的一种简单治疗方法。