Coendemicity between the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Plasmodium parasites, the causative agents of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and malaria, respectively, occurs in several regions around the world. Although the impact of the interaction between these two organisms is not well understood, it is thought that the outcome of either disease may be negatively influenced by coinfection. Therefore, it is important to understand how current first-line antiretroviral therapies (ART) might impact Plasmodium infection in these regions. Here, we describe the effect of 18 antiretroviral compounds and of first-line ART on the blood and sporogonic stages of Plasmodium berghei in vitro and in vivo. We show that the combination zidovudine + lamivudine + lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), employed as first-line HIV treatment in the field, has a strong inhibitory activity on the sporogonic stages of P. berghei and that several non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) have a moderate effect on this stage of the parasite's life cycle. Our results expose the effect of current first-line ART on Plasmodium infection and identify potential alternative therapies for HIV/AIDS that might impact malaria transmission.

中文翻译：

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抗逆转录病毒疗法对疟疾寄生虫传播的影响。

人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）与疟原虫寄生虫之间的共存，分别是后天免疫缺陷综合症（AIDS）和疟疾的病原体，分布在世界各地。尽管对这两种生物之间相互作用的影响尚不十分了解，但人们认为，任何一种疾病的结果都可能受到合并感染的不利影响。因此，重要的是要了解当前的一线抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）可能如何影响这些地区的疟原虫感染。在这里，我们描述了18种抗逆转录病毒化合物和一线抗逆转录病毒疗法对伯氏疟原虫在体外和体内血液和孢子形成阶段的影响。我们显示，齐多夫定+拉米夫定+洛匹那韦/利托那韦（LPV / r）的组合在该领域被用作一线HIV治疗，对伯氏疟原虫的孢子体阶段有很强的抑制活性，几种非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NNRTI）对寄生虫生命周期的这一阶段有中等程度的影响。我们的研究结果揭示了当前一线抗病毒治疗对疟原虫感染的影响，并确定了可能影响疟疾传播的HIV / AIDS潜在替代疗法。