This paper presents a mechanical model for the simulation of reinforced concrete (RC) wall boundary elements with lap splices, which builds on the tension chord model. The model is composed of an assembly of components, each one accounting for a different source of deformation. Namely: (i) an anchorage-slip element accounting for the strain penetration of the longitudinal reinforcement into the foundation; (ii) a basic tension chord element evaluating the response outside the lap splice zone; and (iii) a lap splice element describing the behaviour within the lap splice region. For an imposed global displacement, the model provides the steel and concrete stress and strain distributions, the crack distribution and opening, as well as the global resisting axial force. For spliced members, the ultimate displacement is computed through a semi-empirical relationship providing the average lap splice strain at failure. Validation is carried out against a series of uniaxial cyclic tests on RC wall boundary elements featuring both continuous and spliced reinforcement; different lap splice lengths and confining reinforcement are considered. Overall, a good match is obtained between numerical and experimental results in terms of crack width, rebar strain distribution along the splices and ultimate displacement.

中文翻译：

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考虑锚固滑移和搭接接头存在的钢筋混凝土墙边界元素的扩展张力弦模型

本文提出了一种用于模拟钢筋混凝土 (RC) 墙体边界单元的力学模型，该模型建立在张力弦模型的基础上。该模型由一组组件组成，每个组件都解释了不同的变形源。即： (i) 锚固滑移元件，用于考虑纵向钢筋渗透到基础中的应变；(ii) 评估搭接接合区外响应的基本张力弦元件；(iii) 一个搭接元件，描述搭接区域内的行为。对于施加的全局位移，该模型提供了钢和混凝土的应力和应变分布、裂缝分布和开口以及全局抵抗轴向力。对于拼接成员，最终位移是通过半经验关系计算的，该关系提供了失效时的平均搭接接头应变。对具有连续和拼接钢筋的 RC 墙边界元件进行了一系列单轴循环试验的验证；考虑了不同的搭接接头长度和约束钢筋。总体而言，在裂纹宽度、沿接头的钢筋应变分布和极限位移方面，数值和实验结果之间获得了良好的匹配。