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A Case of Suspected Hyperphenylalaninemia at Newborn Screening by Tandem Mass Spectrometry during Total Parenteral Nutrition.
Metabolites ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-24 , DOI: 10.3390/metabo10020044
Damiana Pieragostino 1, 2 , Ilaria Cicalini 1, 3 , Silvia Di Michele 4 , Paola Fusilli 5 , Giovanna Cotugno 6 , Rossella Ferrante 1, 7 , Ines Bucci 1, 3 , Carlo Dionisi-Vici 6 , Liborio Stuppia 1, 7 , Vincenzo De Laurenzi 1, 2 , Claudia Rossi 1, 3
Affiliation  

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare autosomal recessive condition affecting about 1 in 10,000 people in the Europe, with a higher rate in some countries, like Ireland and Italy. In Italy, newborn screening (NBS) by MS/MS allows the diagnostic suspicion of PKU and its variants (Hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA), Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis deficiency, and Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) recycling deficiency) through the quantification of Phenylalanine (Phe) and the Phenylalanine/Tyrosine (Phe/Tyr) ratio in dried blood Spot (DBS) samples. Here, we report a case of an HPA whose suspicion was possible with expanded NBS, even if the normal-weight newborn was in total parenteral nutrition (TPN). It is known that TPN may present metabolic alterations, mainly for amino acids at NBS in MS/MS, frequently causing false positives. Actually, TPN is considered a special protocol in NBS, requiring several sample collections. In particular, a DBS sample is required before TPN, at basal time point (48 h after birth) and 72 h after the end of the procedure. In the case we report, even if the first DBS sample (before TPN) resulted negative, the repeated NBS tests revealed increased levels of Phe and dramatically high Phe/Tyr ratio. Thus, the newborn was recalled, and the NBS test was repeated several times before that HPA suspicion was confirmed by other specific biochemical tests. This case highlights the importance of Phe/Tyr ratio, only detectable by MS/MS analysis, in supporting the diagnostic suspicion during amino acids administration in the neonatal period.

中文翻译:

全肠外营养期间通过串联质谱筛查新生儿疑似高苯丙氨酸血症的一例。

苯丙酮尿症(PKU)是一种罕见的常染色体隐性遗传病,在欧洲影响着每10,000人中的大约1人,在爱尔兰和意大利等一些国家中,该病的发病率更高。在意大利,通过MS / MS进行新生儿筛查(NBS),可以通过对苯丙氨酸(Phe)进行定量分析来诊断怀疑PKU及其变体(高苯丙氨酸血症(HPA),四氢生物蝶呤(BH4)合成缺乏症和四氢生物蝶呤(BH4)再循环缺乏症)。以及干血斑(DBS)样品中的苯丙氨酸/酪氨酸(Phe / Tyr)比。在这里,我们报告了一例HPA患者,即使体重正常的新生儿处于全肠外营养(TPN)状态,也可能因NBS扩大而引起怀疑。已知TPN可能会出现代谢变化,主要是MS / MS中NBS处的氨基酸变化,经常引起假阳性。其实,TPN被认为是NBS中的一种特殊协议,需要收集一些样本。特别是,在TPN之前,基础时间点(出生后48小时)和手术结束后72小时,需要DBS样本。在我们报告的情况下,即使第一个DBS样品(在TPN之前)结果为阴性,重复进行的NBS测试也显示Phe含量增加,并且Phe / Tyr比值非常高。因此,召回了新生儿,并且在通过其他特定的生化测试确认HPA怀疑之前,重复了几次NBS测试。该病例突出了Phe / Tyr比值的重要性,只有通过MS / MS分析才能检测到这一点,在支持新生儿期氨基酸给药过程中的诊断性怀疑方面。在基本时间点(出生后48小时)和手术结束后72小时。在我们报告的情况下,即使第一个DBS样品(在TPN之前)结果为阴性,重复进行的NBS测试也显示Phe含量增加,并且Phe / Tyr比值显着提高。因此,召回了新生儿,并且在通过其他特定的生化测试确认HPA怀疑之前,重复了几次NBS测试。该病例突出了Phe / Tyr比值的重要性,只有通过MS / MS分析才能检测到这一点,在支持新生儿期氨基酸给药过程中的诊断性怀疑方面。在基本时间点(出生后48小时)和手术结束后72小时。在我们报告的情况下,即使第一个DBS样品(在TPN之前)结果为阴性,重复进行的NBS测试也显示Phe含量增加,并且Phe / Tyr比值显着提高。因此,召回了新生儿,并且在通过其他特定的生化测试确认HPA怀疑之前,重复了几次NBS测试。这种情况突出了Phe / Tyr比值的重要性,只有通过MS / MS分析才能检测到这一点,在支持新生儿期氨基酸给药过程中的诊断性怀疑方面。召回该新生儿,并重复NBS测试几次,然后通过其他特定的生化测试确认HPA怀疑。这种情况突出了Phe / Tyr比值的重要性,只有通过MS / MS分析才能检测到这一点,在支持新生儿期氨基酸给药过程中的诊断性怀疑方面。召回该新生儿,并重复NBS测试几次,然后通过其他特定的生化测试确认HPA怀疑。这种情况突出了Phe / Tyr比值的重要性,只有通过MS / MS分析才能检测到这一点,在支持新生儿期氨基酸给药过程中的诊断性怀疑方面。
更新日期:2020-01-24
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