Heterostructured nanorod libraries The synthesis of nanostructures with well-defined interfaces between different materials can enable applications in areas such as catalysis and solar energy harvesting. Nanomaterials containing several different materials are usually synthesized through top-down approaches, such as surface growth or templating techniques, which usually produce small quantities of particles. Steimle et al. performed up to seven cation-exchange reactions (with ions such as Zn2+ and Co2+) on solution-synthesized copper sulfide nanorods. In principle, more than 65,000 different variations of materials and their interfaces can be made, depending on the order and extent of cation exchange. Science, this issue p. 418 Rational design guidelines define synthetically feasible pathways to more than 65,000 heterostructured metal sulfide nanorods. Integrating multiple materials in arbitrary arrangements within nanoparticles is a prerequisite for advancing many applications. Strategies to synthesize heterostructured nanoparticles are emerging, but they are limited in complexity, scope, and scalability. We introduce two design guidelines, based on interfacial reactivity and crystal structure relations, that enable the rational synthesis of a heterostructured nanorod megalibrary. We define synthetically feasible pathways to 65,520 distinct multicomponent metal sulfide nanorods having as many as 6 materials, 8 segments, and 11 internal interfaces by applying up to seven sequential cation-exchange reactions to copper sulfide nanorod precursors. We experimentally observe 113 individual heterostructured nanorods and demonstrate the scalable production of three samples. Previously unimaginable complexity in heterostructured nanorods is now routinely achievable with simple benchtop chemistry and standard laboratory glassware.

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可扩展异质结构纳米棒巨型库的合理构建

异质结构纳米棒库 不同材料之间具有明确界面的纳米结构的合成可以实现催化和太阳能收集等领域的应用。包含几种不同材料的纳米材料通常通过自上而下的方法合成，例如表面生长或模板技术，这些方法通常会产生少量的颗粒。斯泰姆尔等人。在溶液合成的硫化铜纳米棒上进行了多达七个阳离子交换反应（与离子，如 Zn2+ 和 Co2+）。原则上，根据阳离子交换的顺序和程度，可以制作 65,000 多种不同的材料及其界面。科学，这个问题 p。418 理性设计指南定义了超过 65 种综合可行的途径，000 异质结构金属硫化物纳米棒。在纳米粒子内以任意排列集成多种材料是推进许多应用的先决条件。合成异质结构纳米粒子的策略正在出现，但它们在复杂性、范围和可扩展性方面受到限制。我们介绍了两个基于界面反应性和晶体结构关系的设计指南，它们能够合理合成异质结构纳米棒巨型库。我们通过对硫化铜纳米棒前体应用多达七个连续的阳离子交换反应，定义了 65,520 种不同的多组分金属硫化物纳米棒的合成可行途径，该纳米棒具有多达 6 种材料、8 个片段和 11 个内部界面。我们通过实验观察了 113 个单独的异质结构纳米棒，并证明了三个样品的可扩展生产。异质结构纳米棒以前难以想象的复杂性现在通常可以通过简单的台式化学和标准实验室玻璃器皿来实现。