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Unrecognized Contributions of Dissolved Organic Matter Inducing Photodamages to the Decay of Extracellular DNA in Waters.
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-24 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06029
Xin Zhang 1 , Jing Li 2 , Mu-Cen Yao 2 , Wen-Yuan Fan 1 , Chuan-Wang Yang 1 , Li Yuan 1 , Guo-Ping Sheng 1
Affiliation  

Extracellular DNA (eDNA), which is derived from lysis or secretion of cells, is ubiquitous in various environments and crucial for gene dissemination, bacterial metabolism, biofilm integrity, and aquatic monitoring. However, these processes are largely influenced by damage to eDNA. Photodamage to eDNA, one of the most important types of DNA damage in natural waters, thus far remains unclear. In particular, the roles of the ubiquitous dissolved organic matter (DOM) in this process have yet to be determined. In this study, eDNA photodamage, including both deoxynucleoside damage and strand breaks, proved to be significantly influenced by DOM. DOM competed with eDNA for photons to inhibit the direct photodamage of eDNA. Nevertheless, DOM was photosensitized to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) (i.e., hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2)) to enhance the indirect photodamage of eDNA. The ·OH induced damage to four deoxynucleosides and strand breaks, and the 1O2 substantially enhanced deoxyguanosine damage. The presence of DOM changed the main photodamage products of deoxynucleosides, additional oxidation products induced by ROS formed besides pyrimidine dimers caused by UV. Results indicate that DOM-mediated indirect photodamage contributed significantly to eDNA photodamage in most water bodies. This study revealed the previously unrecognized crucial role of DOM in the decay of eDNA in waters.

中文翻译:

溶解性有机物的不可识别的贡献导致光损伤水中的细胞外DNA的衰减。

源自细胞裂解或分泌的细胞外DNA(eDNA)在各种环境中无处不在,对于基因传播,细菌代谢,生物膜完整性和水生监测至关重要。但是,这些过程在很大程度上受到eDNA损伤的影响。对eDNA的光损伤是天然水体中最重要的DNA损伤类型之一,至今尚不清楚。尤其是,尚无确定普遍存在的溶解有机物(DOM)在此过程中的作用。在这项研究中,eDNA光损伤,包括脱氧核苷损伤和链断裂,都被DOM显着影响。DOM与eDNA竞争光子,以抑制eDNA的直接光损伤。不过,DOM被光敏化以产生活性氧(ROS)(即 羟基(·OH)和单线态氧(1O2))增强eDNA的间接光损伤。·OH诱导了对四个脱氧核苷和链断裂的破坏,而1O2则大大增强了脱氧鸟苷的破坏。DOM的存在改变了脱氧核苷的主要光损伤产物,除了由紫外线引起的嘧啶二聚体外,还由ROS形成了其他氧化产物。结果表明,DOM介导的间接光损伤在大多数水体中对eDNA光损伤有显着贡献。这项研究揭示了DOM在水体中eDNA衰变中以前未被认识的关键作用。DOM的存在改变了脱氧核苷的主要光损伤产物,除由紫外线引起的嘧啶二聚体外,还由ROS诱导形成了其他氧化产物。结果表明,在大多数水体中,DOM介导的间接光损伤对eDNA光损伤有显着贡献。这项研究揭示了DOM在水体中eDNA衰变中以前未被认识的关键作用。DOM的存在改变了脱氧核苷的主要光损伤产物,除了由紫外线引起的嘧啶二聚体外,还由ROS形成了其他氧化产物。结果表明,DOM介导的间接光损伤在大多数水体中对eDNA光损伤有显着贡献。这项研究揭示了DOM在水体中eDNA衰变中以前未被认识的关键作用。
更新日期:2020-01-24
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