The aim of this review was to compile evidence and understand chia seed effects on unbalanced diet animal studies and the molecular mechanisms on metabolic biomarker modulation. A systematic review was conducted in electronic databases, following PRISMA recommendations. Risk of bias and quality was assessed using SYRCLE toll and ARRIVE guidelines. Seventeen articles were included. Throughout the studies, chia's main effects are associated with AMPK modulation: improvement of glucose and insulin tolerance, lipogenesis, antioxidant activity, and inflammation. Details about randomization and allocation concealment were insufficient, as well as information about blind protocols. Sample size, chia dose, and number of animals evaluated for each parameter were found to be lacking information among the studies. Based on experimental study data, chia has bioactive potential, and its daily consumption may reduce the risk of chronic disease development, mainly due to the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic effects of the seed. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The consumption of chia seeds may improve lipid profile, insulin and glucose tolerance, and reduce risk of cardiovascular disease. Whole seed or its oil presents positive effect, but the effects of chia oil can act faster than the seed.

中文翻译：

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奇亚籽（西班牙鼠尾草）对不平衡饮食实验研究的影响及其分子机制：系统评价

本综述的目的是收集证据并了解奇异子对不平衡饮食动物研究的影响以及代谢生物标志物调节的分子机制。根据 PRISMA 的建议，在电子数据库中进行了系统评价。使用 SYRCLE toll 和 ARRIVE 指南评估偏倚风险和质量。收录了十七篇文章。在整个研究中，奇亚籽的主要作用与 AMPK 调节有关：改善葡萄糖和胰岛素耐受性、脂肪生成、抗氧化活性和炎症。有关随机化和分配隐藏的详细信息以及有关盲协议的信息不足。发现样本大小、奇亚籽剂量和针对每个参数评估的动物数量在研究中缺乏信息。根据实验研究数据，奇亚籽具有生物活性潜力，日常食用可降低慢性疾病发展的风险，这主要是由于种子的抗氧化、抗炎、降血糖和降血脂作用。实际应用：食用奇亚籽可以改善血脂、胰岛素和葡萄糖耐量，并降低患心血管疾病的风险。整粒种子或其油具有积极作用，但奇亚籽油的作用比种子更快。