Fast isochoric laser heating is a scheme to heat matter with a relativistic intensity (>10^{18}  W/cm^{2}) laser pulse for producing an ultrahigh-energy-density (UHED) state. We have demonstrated an efficient fast isochoric heating of a compressed dense plasma core with a multipicosecond kilojoule-class petawatt laser and an assistance of externally applied kilotesla magnetic fields for guiding fast electrons to the dense plasma. A UHED state of 2.2 PPa is achieved experimentally with 4.6 kJ of total laser energy that is one order of magnitude lower than the energy used in the conventional implosion scheme. A two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation confirmed that diffusive heating from a laser-plasma interaction zone to the dense plasma plays an essential role to the efficient creation of the UHED state.

中文翻译：

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皮秒帕斯卡压力是通过等皮秒强烈激光脉冲快速等温加热来驱动的。

快速等容激光加热是一种以相对强度（> 10 ^ {18} W / cm ^ {2}）的激光脉冲加热物质以产生超高能量密度（UHED）状态的方案。我们已经证明了使用皮秒级千焦级的千万亿瓦级激光对压缩的密集等离子体核心进行的高效快速等速加热，并借助外部施加的千伏特磁场将快速电子引导至密集等离子体。用4.6 kJ的总激光能量通过实验可实现2.2 PPa的UHED状态，该能量比常规内爆方案中使用的能量低一个数量级。二维单元格内粒子模拟证实，从激光-等离子体相互作用区域到致密等离子体的扩散加热对于有效创建UHED状态起着至关重要的作用。