Internet-of-Vehicles (IoV) connects vehicles, sensors, pedestrians, mobile devices, and the Internet with advanced communication and networking technologies, which can enhance road safety, improve road traffic management, and support immerse user experience. However, the increasing number of vehicles and other IoV devices, high vehicle mobility, and diverse service requirements render the operation and management of IoV intractable. Software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) technologies offer potential solutions to achieve flexible and automated network management, global network optimization, and efficient network resource orchestration with cost-effectiveness and are envisioned as a key enabler to future IoV. In this article, we provide an overview of SDN/NFV-enabled IoV, in which SDN/NFV technologies are leveraged to enhance the performance of IoV and enable diverse IoV scenarios and applications. In particular, the IoV and SDN/NFV technologies are first introduced. Then, the state-of-the-art research works are surveyed comprehensively, which is categorized into topics according to the role that the SDN/NFV technologies play in IoV, i.e., enhancing the performance of data communication, computing, and caching, respectively. Some open research issues are discussed for future directions.

中文翻译：

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SDN/NFV 赋能未来 IoV，增强通信、计算和缓存

车联网（IoV）通过先进的通信和网络技术将车辆、传感器、行人、移动设备和互联网连接起来，可以增强道路安全，改善道路交通管理，并支持沉浸式用户体验。然而，随着车辆和其他车联网设备数量的增加、车辆的高机动性和多样化的服务需求，车联网的运营和管理变得棘手。软件定义网络 (SDN) 和网络功能虚拟化 (NFV) 技术提供了潜在的解决方案，以实现灵活和自动化的网络管理、全球网络优化以及具有成本效益的高效网络资源编排，并被视为未来 IoV 的关键推动因素。在本文中，我们概述了支持 SDN/NFV 的 IoV，其中利用 SDN/NFV 技术来增强车联网的性能并实现多样化的车联网场景和应用。尤其是车联网和SDN/NFV技术首次被引入。然后，对最先进的研究工作进行了全面调查，根据SDN/NFV技术在车联网中的作用进行了分类，分别是增强数据通信、计算和缓存的性能. 讨论了一些开放的研究问题以供未来发展方向。分别增强数据通信、计算和缓存的性能。讨论了一些开放的研究问题以供未来发展方向。分别增强数据通信、计算和缓存的性能。讨论了一些开放的研究问题以供未来发展方向。