Advances in our understanding of tumor immune biology and development of cancer immunotherapies have led to improved outcomes for patients that suffer from aggressive cancers such as metastatic melanoma. Despite these advances, a significant proportion of patients still fail to benefit, and as a result, attention has shifted to understanding how cancer cells escape immune destruction. Of particular interest is the metabolic landscape of the tumor microenvironment, as recent studies have demonstrated how both competition for essential nutrients and depletion of specific amino acids can promote T cell dysfunction. Here, we will discuss the major energetic pathways engaged by both T cells and cancer cells, metabolic substrates present in the tumor microenvironment, and emerging therapeutic strategies that seek to improve T cell metabolic fitness and bolster the antitumor immune response.

我们对肿瘤免疫生物学的认识的进步和癌症免疫疗法的发展已导致患有侵袭性癌症（例如转移性黑素瘤）的患者的预后得到改善。尽管取得了这些进展，但是仍有相当一部分患者无法受益，因此，注意力已转移到了解癌细胞如何逃避免疫破坏上。特别令人感兴趣的是肿瘤微环境的代谢情况，因为最近的研究表明，与必需营养素的竞争和特定氨基酸的消耗如何能够促进T细胞功能障碍。在这里，我们将讨论T细胞和癌细胞（肿瘤微环境中存在的代谢底物）参与的主要能量途径，