Local heroes or villains: tissue-resident memory T cells in human health and disease.,Cellular & Molecular Immunology

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Local heroes or villains: tissue-resident memory T cells in human health and disease.
Cellular & Molecular Immunology ( IF 21.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-22 , DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0359-1
S C Sasson ₁ , C L Gordon _{2,

3} , S N Christo ₂ , P Klenerman _{1,

4} , L K Mackay ₂

Affiliation

Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells are increasingly associated with the outcomes of health and disease. TRM cells can mediate local immune protection against infections and cancer, which has led to interest in TRM cells as targets for vaccination and immunotherapies. However, these cells have also been implicated in mediating detrimental pro-inflammatory responses in autoimmune skin diseases such as psoriasis, alopecia areata, and vitiligo. Here, we summarize the biology of TRM cells established in animal models and in translational human studies. We review the beneficial effects of TRM cells in mediating protective responses against infection and cancer and the adverse role of TRM cells in driving pathology in autoimmunity. A further understanding of the breadth and mechanisms of TRM cell activity is essential for the safe design of strategies that manipulate TRM cells, such that protective responses can be enhanced without unwanted tissue damage, and pathogenic TRM cells can be eliminated without losing local immunity.

中文翻译：

当地英雄或恶棍：人类健康和疾病中的组织驻留记忆 T 细胞。

组织驻留记忆 T (TRM) 细胞与健康和疾病的结果越来越相关。TRM 细胞可以介导针对感染和癌症的局部免疫保护，这引起了人们对将 TRM 细胞作为疫苗接种和免疫疗法靶点的兴趣。然而，这些细胞也参与介导自身免疫性皮肤病（如银屑病、斑秃和白癜风）中的有害促炎反应。在这里，我们总结了在动物模型和人类转化研究中建立的 TRM 细胞生物学。我们回顾了 TRM 细胞在介导对感染和癌症的保护性反应中的有益作用，以及 TRM 细胞在驱动自身免疫病理学中的不利作用。

更新日期：2020-01-23

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