Background The Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise (LiFE) programme is a fall prevention programme originally taught in a resource-intensive one-to-one format with limited feasibility for large-scale implementation. The aim of this paper is to present the conceptual framework and initial feasibility evaluation of a group-based LiFE (gLiFE) format developed for large-scale implementation. Methods The conceptual gLiFE framework (part I) is based on three pillars, LiFE Activities and Principles, Theory of Behaviour Change and Behaviour Change Techniques, and Instruction. The feasibility of gLiFE was tested (part II) within a multimodal approach including quantitative questionnaires measuring safety, acceptability (1 = best to 7 = insufficient), and adherence to the LiFE activities (range = 0-14) as well as a focus group interview. Exploratory self-reported measures on behaviour change including self-determined motivation (range = 1-5), intention, planning, action control, and habit strength (range = 1-6) were assessed pre and post intervention. Data analyses were performed using descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis. Results The development process resulted in a manualised gLiFE concept containing standardised information on gLiFE's content and structure. Feasibility testing: Six older adults (median = 72.8 years, 5 female) completed the feasibility study and rated safety (median = 7.0, IQR = 0.3) and acceptability as high (median = 1, IQR = 1). Participants implemented 9.5 LiFE activities (IQR = 4.0) into their daily routines. No adverse events occurred during the study. In the focus group, the group format and LiFE activities were perceived as positive and important for maintaining strength and balance capacity. Self-determined motivation intention, planning, and habit strength were rated higher post intervention. Conclusion The developed conceptual gLiFE framework represents the basis for a gLiFE format with potential for standardised large-scale implementation. Proof-of-concept could be demonstrated in a group of community-dwelling older adults at risk of falling. The public health potential of gLiFE in terms of (cost-)effectiveness is currently being evaluated in a large trial. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03412123. Registered on January 26, 2018.

中文翻译：

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为生活方式综合功能锻炼 (gLiFE) 计划的小组形式开发概念框架及其初步可行性测试。


背景 生活方式综合功能锻炼（LiFE）计划是一项跌倒预防计划，最初以资源密集型一对一的形式教授，大规模实施的可行性有限。本文的目的是提出为大规模实施而开发的基于组的 LiFE (gLiFE) 格式的概念框架和初步可行性评估。方法 gLiFE 概念框架（第一部分）基于三个支柱：LiFE 活动和原则、行为改变理论和行为改变技术以及指导。 gLiFE 的可行性通过多模式方法进行了测试（第二部分），包括衡量安全性、可接受性（1 = 最佳到 7 = 不足）和 LiFE 活动遵守情况（范围 = 0-14）以及焦点小组的定量调查问卷面试。在干预前后评估了关于行为改变的探索性自我报告措施，包括自我决定动机（范围 = 1-5）、意图、计划、行动控制和习惯强度（范围 = 1-6）。使用描述性统计和定性内容分析进行数据分析。结果 开发过程产生了一个手动化的 gLiFE 概念，其中包含有关 gLiFE 内容和结构的标准化信息。可行性测试：六名老年人（中位数 = 72.8 岁，5 名女性）完成了可行性研究，并评定安全性（中位数 = 7.0，IQR = 0.3）和可接受性为高（中位数 = 1，IQR = 1）。参与者在日常生活中实施了 9.5 项 LiFE 活动 (IQR = 4.0)。研究期间没有发生不良事件。在焦点小组中，小组形式和 LiFE 活动被认为对于保持力量和平衡能力是积极且重要的。 干预后，自我决定的动机意图、计划和习惯强度被评为更高。结论 开发的概念性 gLiFE 框架代表了 gLiFE 格式的基础，具有标准化大规模实施的潜力。可以在一群有跌倒风险的社区老年人中进行概念验证。目前正在一项大型试验中评估 gLiFE 在（成本）效益方面的公共卫生潜力。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03412123。 2018年1月26日注册。