Abstract

This article mainly focuses on the concept of cognitive radio paradigm in the ultra-wideband 3.1–10.6 GHz and recent trends of various antenna systems required for these applications. This paper also presents the working principle of cognitive radio model and the importance of UWB 3.1–10.6 GHz technology for various wireless communication applications. In the cognitive radio model, ultra-wideband antennas are employed for free channels identification and reconfigurable narrow band antennas for communication. Based on the utilization of different UWB and narrow band antennas, the antennas are divided into four distinct categories. The first category covers individual UWB and narrow band antennas. The second category includes reconfigurable UWB/NB antennas. The third category consists of dual-port integrated UWB and NB antennas. The fourth category comprise of multi-port integrated UWB and NB antennas. So, this paper reports all the four categories of ultra-wideband and frequency reconfigurable narrow band antennas clearly. It also focuses on the recent trends in these antennas. Moreover, it discusses about the comparison study of various antennas and their characteristics. Furthermore, a discussion on hardware working principle and its implementation is presented. The hardware realization is presented using arbitrary waveform generator, real-time signal analyzer, software defined radio platforms, field programmable gate arrays and universal software radio peripheral.

中文翻译：

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UWB 3.1–10.6 GHz中的认知无线电范式和天线系统的最新趋势

摘要

本文主要关注于超宽带3.1–10.6 GHz中的认知无线电范式的概念以及这些应用所需的各种天线系统的最新趋势。本文还介绍了认知无线电模型的工作原理以及UWB 3.1–10.6 GHz技术对于各种无线通信应用的重要性。在认知无线电模型中，超宽带天线用于自由信道识别，可重构窄带天线用于通信。根据不同UWB和窄带天线的利用，将天线分为四个不同的类别。第一类涵盖单个UWB和窄带天线。第二类包括可重新配置的UWB / NB天线。第三类包括双端口集成UWB和NB天线。第四类包括多端口集成UWB和NB天线。因此，本文清楚地报告了超宽带和频率可重构窄带天线的所有四个类别。它还关注这些天线的最新趋势。此外，还讨论了各种天线及其特性的比较研究。此外，还讨论了硬件工作原理及其实现。使用任意波形发生器，实时信号分析仪，软件定义的无线电平台，现场可编程门阵列和通用软件无线电外围设备来介绍硬件实现。它还关注这些天线的最新趋势。此外，还讨论了各种天线及其特性的比较研究。此外，还讨论了硬件工作原理及其实现。使用任意波形发生器，实时信号分析仪，软件定义的无线电平台，现场可编程门阵列和通用软件无线电外围设备来介绍硬件实现。它还关注这些天线的最新趋势。此外，还讨论了各种天线及其特性的比较研究。此外，还讨论了硬件工作原理及其实现。使用任意波形发生器，实时信号分析仪，软件定义的无线电平台，现场可编程门阵列和通用软件无线电外围设备来介绍硬件实现。