Iron is critically important and highly regulated trace metal in the human body. However, in its free ion form, it is known to be cytotoxic; therefore, it is bound to iron storing protein, ferritin. Ferritin is a key regulator of body iron homeostasis able to form various types of minerals depending on the tissue environment. Each mineral, e.g. magnetite, maghemite, goethite, akaganeite or hematite, present in the ferritin core carry different characteristics possibly affecting cells in the tissue. In specific cases, it can lead to disease development. Widely studied connection with neurodegenerative conditions is widely studied, including Alzheimer disease. Although the exact ferritin structure and its distribution throughout a human body are still not fully known, many studies have attempted to elucidate the mechanisms involved in its regulation and pathogenesis. In this review, we try to summarize the iron uptake into the body. Next, we discuss the known occurrence of ferritin in human tissues. Lastly, we also examine the formation of iron oxides and their involvement in brain functions.

中文翻译：

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人体组织中的氧化铁矿物质。

铁是人体中极为重要和高度管制的微量金属。但是，已知其为游离离子形式，具有细胞毒性。因此，它与储铁蛋白铁蛋白结合。铁蛋白是体内铁稳态的关键调节剂，能够根据组织环境形成各种类型的矿物质。铁蛋白芯中存在的每种矿物，例如磁铁矿，磁赤铁矿，针铁矿，赤铁矿或赤铁矿，具有不同的特性，可能会影响组织中的细胞。在特定情况下，它可能导致疾病发展。广泛研究了与神经退行性疾病有关的联系，包括阿尔茨海默氏病。尽管铁蛋白的确切结构及其在人体中的分布尚不完全清楚，许多研究试图阐明其调控和发病机理。在这篇综述中，我们试图总结体内铁的吸收。接下来，我们讨论在人体组织中铁蛋白的已知发生情况。最后，我们还研究了氧化铁的形成及其与脑功能的关系。