Unraveling the Quantum Nature of Atomic Self-Ordering in a Ring Cavity.,Physical Review Letters

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Unraveling the Quantum Nature of Atomic Self-Ordering in a Ring Cavity.
Physical Review Letters ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-24 , DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.033601
Stefan Ostermann ₁ , Wolfgang Niedenzu ₁ , Helmut Ritsch ₁

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Atomic self-ordering to a crystalline phase in optical resonators is a consequence of the intriguing nonlinear dynamics of strongly coupled atom motion and photons. Generally the resulting phase diagrams and atomic states can be largely understood on a mean-field level. However, close to the phase transition point, quantum fluctuations and atom-field entanglement play a key role and initiate the symmetry breaking. Here we propose a modified ring cavity geometry, in which the asymmetry imposed by a tilted pump beam reveals clear signatures of quantum dynamics even in a larger regime around the phase transition point. Quantum fluctuations become visible both in the dynamic and steady-state properties. Most strikingly we can identify a regime where a mean-field approximation predicts a runaway instability, while in the full quantum model the quantum fluctuations of the light field modes stabilize uniform atomic motion. The proposed geometry thus allows to unveil the "quantumness" of atomic self-ordering via experimentally directly accessible quantities.

中文翻译：

揭示环腔中原子自序的量子本质。

光学谐振器中原子自有序到晶相是强耦合原子运动和光子的非线性动力学的结果。一般来说，所得到的相图和原子态可以在平均场水平上很大程度上被理解。然而，在接近相变点时，量子涨落和原子场纠缠起着关键作用并引发对称性破缺。在这里，我们提出了一种改进的环形腔几何结构，其中倾斜泵浦光束施加的不对称性揭示了量子动力学的清晰特征，即使在相变点周围的更大范围内也是如此。量子涨落在动态和稳态特性中都变得可见。最引人注目的是，我们可以识别出一种状态，其中平均场近似预测了失控的不稳定性，而在完整的量子模型中，光场模式的量子涨落稳定了均匀的原子运动。因此，所提出的几何结构允许通过实验上直接可访问的量来揭示原子自排序的“量子性”。

更新日期：2020-01-23

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