Phase, microstructural, dielectric and ferroelectric properties investigation clearly reveal that the charge imbalance created due to alio-valent Gd³⁺-ion substitution at the Pb²⁺-site in lead magnesium niobate (PMN) should be compensated by changing the B-site cation ratio instead of creating the A-site or B-site vacancies. Microstructure analysis along with elemental mapping exhibit segregation of MgO and GdNbO₄ phase, which is consistent with the Gd³⁺-ions solubility limit in the PMN. Gd³⁺-ion substituted PMN (PGMN) where the charge imbalance is compensated by creating the A-site vacancies leads to formation of large concentration of pyrochlore phase. Fitting of frequency dependent temperature of dielectric constant maximum [T_m(f)] and the Mydosh parameter “K” calculated from the T_m(f) clearly reveals critical slowing down of polar nano-regions (PNRs) dynamics leading to a super-dipolar glass state in PGMN in which the charge imbalance is compensated by changing the B-site cations ratio or by creating the B-site vacancy.

相，微结构，介电和铁电特性研究清楚地表明，由于铌酸铅镁（PMN）的Pb ²⁺位上的异价Gd ³⁺离子取代而产生的电荷失衡应通过改变B位来补偿阳离子比率而不是创建A站点或B站点空缺。微观结构分析和元素映射显示MgO和GdNbO ₄相偏析，这与PMN中Gd ^3+离子的溶解度极限一致。Gd ³⁺离子取代的PMN（PGMN），通过创建A-位空位来补偿电荷不平衡，从而导致形成大量的烧绿石相。拟合频率随温度变化的介电常数最大值[ T _m（f）]和从T _m（f）计算出的Mydosh参数“ K ”，清楚地揭示了极性纳米区（PNRs）动力学的严重减慢，从而导致了超导PGMN中的双极玻璃态，其中电荷不平衡通过改变B位阳离子比率或通过产生B位空位来补偿。