Continued improvements in HPLC have led to faster and more efficient separations than previously possible. One important aspect of these improvements has been the increase in instrument operating pressure and the advent of ultrahigh pressure LC (UHPLC). Commercial instrumentation is now capable of up to ~20 kpsi, allowing fast and efficient separations with 5-15 cm columns packed with sub-2 μm particles. Home-built instruments have demonstrated the benefits of even further increases in instrument pressure. The focus of this review is on recent advancements and applications in liquid chromatography above 20 kpsi. We outline the theory and advantages of higher pressure and discuss instrument hardware and design capable of withstanding 20 kpsi or greater. We also overview column packing procedures and stationary phase considerations for HPLC above 20 kpsi, and lastly highlight a few recent applicatioob pressure instruments for the analysis of complex mixtures.

中文翻译：

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20,000 PSI以上的液相色谱。

HPLC的持续改进导致分离比以往更快，更有效。这些改进的一个重要方面是仪器操作压力的增加以及超高压液相色谱（UHPLC）的出现。现在，商用仪器的能力高达〜20 kpsi，可在5-15 cm小于2μm颗粒的色谱柱上进行快速有效的分离。自制仪器已经证明了进一步提高仪器压力的好处。本文的重点是20 kpsi以上液相色谱的最新进展和应用。我们概述了高压的理论和优点，并讨论了能够承受20 kpsi或更高压力的仪器硬件和设计。