Abstract MXenes, generally referring to two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, have received tremendous attention since the first report in 2011. Extensive experimental and theoretical studies have unveiled their enormous potential for applications in optoelectronics, photonics, catalysis, and many other areas. Because of their intriguing mechanical and electronic properties, together with the richness of elemental composition and chemical decoration, MXenes are poised to provide a new 2D nanoplatform for advanced optoelectronics. This comprehensive review, intended for a broad multidisciplinary readership, highlights the state-of-the-art progress on MXene theory, materials synthesis techniques, morphology modifications, opto-electro-magnetic properties, and their applications. The efforts exploring the device performance limits, steric configurations, physical mechanisms, and novel application boundaries are comprehensively discussed. The review is concluded with a compelling perspective, outlook as well as non-trivial challenges in future investigation of MXene-based nano-optoelectronics.

中文翻译：

---

二维 MXenes：从形态到光学、电学和磁学特性和应用

摘要 MXenes，一般指二维 (2D) 过渡金属碳化物、氮化物和碳氮化物，自 2011 年首次报道以来受到了极大的关注。广泛的实验和理论研究揭示了其在光电子学、光子学、催化等许多领域。由于其有趣的机械和电子特性，加上丰富的元素组成和化学装饰，MXenes 有望为先进的光电子学提供一个新的 2D 纳米平台。这篇综合评论面向广泛的多学科读者，重点介绍了 MXene 理论、材料合成技术、形态修饰、光电磁特性及其应用方面的最新进展。全面讨论了探索设备性能限制、空间构型、物理机制和新应用边界的努力。该评论以令人信服的观点、前景以及未来基于 MXene 的纳米光电子学研究的重大挑战结束。