Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a group of chemicals with a wide range of industrial and commercial applications, but little is known about the contamination of PFASs in groundwater and their linkage to surface water. Here we investigated the occurrence of PFASs in groundwater and surface water at the Maozhou River basin in order to understand their contamination profiles and potential health risks. The results showed that total PFASs concentrations ranged from 9.9 to 592.2 ng/L, 50.2–339.9 ng/L and 3.7–74.3 ng/g in groundwater, river water and sediment, respectively. The detection frequencies of C4–C8 chains (C₄–C₈) PFASs were higher than C9–C14 chains PFASs in the river and groundwater. Statistical analysis showed an obvious correlation between the major contaminants in the river and those in the groundwater, indicating the potential linkage of PFASs in the groundwater to the surface water. The wastewater indicator found in groundwater suggested domestic wastewater was only one of the source for the PFASs in the river and groundwater of Maozhou River basin. Moreover, human health risk assessment showed low risks from the PFASs to the residents by drinking groundwater.

全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是一类具有广泛工业和商业用途的化学物质，但人们对地下水中PFAS的污染及其与地表水的联系知之甚少。在这里，我们调查了毛州河流域地下水和地表水中PFAS的发生情况，以了解它们的污染状况和潜在的健康风险。结果表明，地下水，河水和沉积物中的全氟辛烷磺酸总浓度分别为9.9至592.2 ng / L，50.2-339.9 ng / L和3.7-74.3 ng / g。C4–C8链（C ₄ –C ₈）PFAS在河流和地下水中高于C9–C14链PFAS。统计分析表明，河流中的主要污染物与地下水中的主要污染物之间存在明显的相关性，表明地下水中PFAS与地表水的潜在联系。地下水中的废水指标表明，生活废水只是茂州河流域河流和地下水中PFAS的来源之一。此外，人类健康风险评估显示，通过饮用地下水，PFAS对居民的风险较低。