Bovine anaplasmosis, caused by the tick-borne pathogen Anaplasma marginale, is a hemolytic disease that constitutes a major constraint to cattle production in tropical and subtropical regions including Ecuador. However, the epidemiological situation of this hemoparasitosis in Ecuador is poorly characterized. The present study was aimed to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of A. marginale in cattle of Ecuador. A cross-sectional study was carried out covering several farms from six out nine cantons of the Zamora-Chinchipe province. A total of 185 cattle were randomly selected and blood samples were collected from the animals. The studied group of animals included six breeds, three age groups, and both sexes. The molecular diagnostic was performed based on a nPCR assay targeting the A. marginale msp5 gene. Anaplasma marginale prevalence was 63.8 % and the bacteria were detected in all the cantons studied. Thirteen representative strains were selected and genetically characterized based on the msp1α gene. Genetic diversity analysis revealed that different strains circulate in the bovine herds studied. The results suggest that cattle movement may contribute to the circulation of common strains in the area. The results demonstrate a high prevalence of A. marginale in the region which should be considered by the sanitary authorities. The epidemiological surveillance for this disease should increase to anticipate acute disease outbreaks with high mortality. Bovine anaplasmosis outbreaks can cause economic losses and the death of several animals; therefore, measures for the prevention and control of this disease are required.

由壁虱传播的病原体Anaplasma marginale引起的牛无病是一种溶血性疾病，对包括厄瓜多尔在内的热带和亚热带地区的牛生产构成了主要限制。但是，厄瓜多尔这种血液寄生虫病的流行病学特征不明确。本研究旨在确定margin菜的流行和遗传多样性。在厄瓜多尔的牛。进行了横断面研究，涵盖了Zamora-Chinchipe省九个州中六个州的几个农场。总共随机选择了185头牛，并从动物身上采集了血样。所研究的动物群包括六个品种，三个年龄组以及性别。分子诊断是基于针对A.marginale msp 5基因的nPCR分析进行的。在所有研究的州中，无浆膜边缘患病率为63.8％，并且检测到细菌。选择了13个代表性菌株并基于msp进行了遗传鉴定1α基因。遗传多样性分析表明，在所研究的牛群中有不同的菌株传播。结果表明，牛的移动可能有助于该地区常见菌株的循环。结果表明，该地区margin曲霉的患病率很高，卫生当局应考虑。应增加对该疾病的流行病学监测，以预见高死亡率的急性疾病暴发。牛厌氧菌病的暴发可能造成经济损失，并造成数只动物死亡。因此，需要采取措施预防和控制这种疾病。