Isoniazid and rifampicin are well-known anti-mycobacterial agents and are widely used to treat pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) as part of the combined therapy approach, recommended by the World Health Organization. The ingestion of these first-line TB drugs are, however, not free of side-effects, and are toxic to the liver, kidney, and central nervous system. These side effects are associated with poor treatment compliance, resulting in TB treatment failure, relapse and drug resistant TB. This occurrence has subsequently led to the recent application of novel research technologies, towards a better understanding of the underlying toxicity mechanisms of TB drugs in humans, mostly focussing on the 2 most important TB drugs: isoniazid and rifampicin. In this review, we discuss the contribution that one such an approach, termed metabolomics has made toward this field, and also highlight the impact that this might have towards the development of improved TB treatment regimens.

中文翻译：

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代谢组学描述了异烟肼和利福平以前未知的毒性机制

异烟肼和利福平是众所周知的抗分枝杆菌药物，作为世界卫生组织推荐的联合治疗方法的一部分，被广泛用于治疗肺结核 (TB)。然而，这些一线抗结核药物的摄入并非没有副作用，并且对肝脏、肾脏和中枢神经系统有毒性。这些副作用与治疗依从性差有关，导致结核病治疗失败、复发和耐药结核病。这一事件随后导致了最近新研究技术的应用，以更好地了解结核病药物对人类的潜在毒性机制，主要集中在两种最重要的结核病药物上：异烟肼和利福平。在这篇评论中，我们讨论了这样一种方法的贡献，