Biomass burning is a major air pollution problem all around the world. However, the identification and quantification of its contribution to ambient aerosol levels is a difficult task due to the generalized lack of observations of molecular markers. This paper presents the results of a yearlong study of organic constituents of the atmospheric aerosol at a rural site in southern Spain (Villanueva del Arzobispo, Jaén). Sampling was performed for PM10 and PM2.5, and a total of 116 and 115 samples, respectively, were collected and analyzed by GC/MS, quantifying 77 organic compounds. Higher levels of organic pollutants were recorded from November to March, coinciding with the cold season when domestic combustion is a common practice in rural areas. This jointly with adverse meteorological conditions, e.g. strong atmospheric stability, produced severe pollution episodes with high PMx ambient levels. High daily concentrations of tracers were reached, up to 26 ng m-3 for B(a)P and 6065 ng m-3 for levoglucosan in PM2.5, supporting that biomass burning is a major source of pollution at rural areas. A multivariate statistical study based on factor and cluster analysis, was applied to the data set with the aim to distinguish sources of organic compounds. The main resulting sources were related with biomass combustion, secondary organic aerosol (SOA), biogenic emissions, lubricating oil and soil organic components. A preliminary organic source profile for olive wastes burning was evaluated, based on cluster results, showing anhydrosacharides and xylitol are the main emitted compounds, accounting for more than 85% of the quantified compounds. Other source compounds were fatty acids, diacids, aliphatics, sugars, sugar alcohols, PAHs and quinones.

中文翻译：

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受橄榄废料生物质燃烧影响的农村地区有机气溶胶的特征。

生物质燃烧是世界各地的主要空气污染问题。然而，由于普遍缺乏对分子标记物的观察，因此鉴定和量化其对周围气溶胶水平的贡献是一项艰巨的任务。本文介绍了对西班牙南部农村地区（哈恩省的Villanueva del Arzobispo，哈恩）的大气气溶胶有机成分进行了为期一年的研究结果。对PM10和PM2.5进行了采样，分别收集了116和115个样品，并通过GC / MS进行了分析，定量了77种有机化合物。从11月到3月，有机污染物的含量有所增加，这与寒冷季节相吻合，而寒冷季节是农村地区家庭燃烧的普遍现象。再加上不利的气象条件，例如强大的大气稳定性，产生了高PMx环境水平的严重污染事件。示踪剂的日浓度很高，PM2.5中的B（a）P浓度高达26 ng m-3，左旋葡聚糖浓度高达6065 ng m-3，这证明生物质燃烧是农村地区的主要污染源。将基于因子和聚类分析的多元统计研究应用于数据集，目的是区分有机化合物的来源。产生的主要来源与生物质燃烧，二次有机气溶胶（SOA），生物排放，润滑油和土壤有机成分有关。根据簇结果，评估了用于橄榄废物燃烧的初步有机物来源，表明脱水糖精和木糖醇是主要排放化合物，占定量化合物的85％以上。其他来源的化合物是脂肪酸，