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A role for triglyceride lipase brummer in the regulation of sex differences in Drosophila fat storage and breakdown.
PLOS Biology ( IF 7.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-21 , DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000595
Lianna W Wat 1 , Charlotte Chao 1 , Rachael Bartlett 1 , Justin L Buchanan 2 , Jason W Millington 1 , Hui Ju Chih 1 , Zahid S Chowdhury 1 , Puja Biswas 1 , Vivian Huang 1 , Leah J Shin 1 , Lin Chuan Wang 1 , Marie-Pierre L Gauthier 1 , Maria C Barone 3 , Kristi L Montooth 2 , Michael A Welte 3 , Elizabeth J Rideout 1
Affiliation  

Triglycerides are the major form of stored fat in all animals. One important determinant of whole-body fat storage is whether an animal is male or female. Here, we use Drosophila, an established model for studies on triglyceride metabolism, to gain insight into the genes and physiological mechanisms that contribute to sex differences in fat storage. Our analysis of triglyceride storage and breakdown in both sexes identified a role for triglyceride lipase brummer (bmm) in the regulation of sex differences in triglyceride homeostasis. Normally, male flies have higher levels of bmm mRNA both under normal culture conditions and in response to starvation, a lipolytic stimulus. We find that loss of bmm largely eliminates the sex difference in triglyceride storage and abolishes the sex difference in triglyceride breakdown via strongly male-biased effects. Although we show that bmm function in the fat body affects whole-body triglyceride levels in both sexes, in males, we identify an additional role for bmm function in the somatic cells of the gonad and in neurons in the regulation of whole-body triglyceride homeostasis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that lipid droplets are normally present in both the somatic cells of the male gonad and in neurons, revealing a previously unrecognized role for bmm function, and possibly lipid droplets, in these cell types in the regulation of whole-body triglyceride homeostasis. Taken together, our data reveal a role for bmm function in the somatic cells of the gonad and in neurons in the regulation of male-female differences in fat storage and breakdown and identify bmm as a link between the regulation of triglyceride homeostasis and biological sex.

中文翻译:

甘油三酸酯脂肪酶布鲁默在调节果蝇脂肪储存和分解中的性别差异中的作用。

甘油三酸酯是所有动物体内储存脂肪的主要形式。全身脂肪储存的一个重要决定因素是动物是雄性还是雌性。在这里,我们使用果蝇(果蝇)(一种用于研究甘油三酸酯代谢的成熟模型)来深入了解有助于脂肪储存性别差异的基因和生理机制。我们对男女甘油三酸酯存储和分解的分析确定了甘油三酸酯脂肪酶brummer(bmm)在调节甘油三酯体内稳态中的性别差异中的作用。正常情况下,雄蝇在正常培养条件下和对饥饿(脂解刺激)的反应中,bmm mRNA的含量较高。我们发现,bmm的丧失在很大程度上消除了甘油三酸酯储存中的性别差异,并通过强烈的男性偏见消除了甘油三酸酯分解中的性别差异。尽管我们显示出脂肪中的bmm功能会影响男性和女性的全身甘油三酯水平,但在男性中,我们发现性腺的体细胞和神经元中bmm功能在调节全身甘油三酯体内平衡方面还有其他作用。此外,我们证明,在男性性腺的体细胞和神经元中通常都存在脂质滴,这揭示了以前无法识别的bmm功能的作用,可能还存在脂质滴,在这些类型的细胞中调节全身甘油三酯体内稳态。综上所述,我们的数据揭示了bmm在性腺体细胞和神经元中的功能在调节脂肪和分解脂肪中的男女差异中的作用,并将bmm识别为甘油三酸酯稳态与生物性别之间的联系。
更新日期:2020-02-03
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