BACKGROUND Although there is high prevalence of obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors among Latin American adolescents, there is limited evidence on dietary intake and physical activity (PA) patterns in this population. Therefore, we characterized anthropometry, dietary intake, PA and sitting time (ST) in adolescents aged 15-17 years from eight Latin American countries. METHODS Six hundred seventy-one adolescents (41.4% girls) from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS) were included. Nutritional status was classified by four BMI (kg/m2) categories. Waist circumference (WC) was categorized as above or below thresholds. Dietary intake was assessed through two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. PA and ST were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). We calculated overall and country-specific estimates by sex and tested for differences between boys and girls. RESULTS Differences in the prevalence of overweightness (15.1 and 21.6%) and obesity (8.5 and 6.5%) between boys and girls, respectively, were statistically insignificant (p = 0.059). Average energy intake was 2289.7 kcal/day (95% CI: 2231-2350) for boys and 1904.2 kcal/day (95% CI: 1840-1963) for girls (p < 0.001). In relation to macronutrient intake for boys and girls, respectively, the average intake (expressed as percentage of total energy) was 15.0 and 14.9% for protein; 55.4 and 54.9% for carbohydrates; 14.1 and 14.5% for added sugar; 29.5 and 30.1% for total fat; and 9.6 and 9.9% for saturated fat (p > 0.05 for all outcomes). There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of total energy (TE) saturated fat and added sugar (>10% of TE) between girls and boys (49.6% versus 44.8 and 81.7% versus 76.1%, respectively). Prevalence of physical inactivity was 19% in boys and 43.7% in girls (p < 0.001). Median levels of vigorous-intensity PA and total PA were significantly higher for boys than for girls (p < 0.05 for both outcomes); whereas levels of ST were similar (273.7 versus 220.0 min/day for boys and girls, respectively; p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the high prevalence of poor dietary intake and physical inactivity in adolescents from Latin American countries. Therefore, effective and sustainable strategies and programmes are needed that promote healthier diets, regular PA and reduce ST among Latin American adolescents. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials NCT02226627. Retrospectively registered on August 27, 2014.

中文翻译：

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15-17 岁青少年的人体测量学、饮食摄入、身体活动和就坐时间模式：八个拉丁美洲国家的国际比较。

背景 尽管拉丁美洲青少年肥胖和其他心血管危险因素的患病率很高，但关于该人群的饮食摄入和身体活动 (PA) 模式的证据有限。因此，我们对来自八个拉丁美洲国家的 15-17 岁青少年的人体测量学、饮食摄入量、PA 和坐姿时间 (ST) 进行了表征。方法 包括来自拉丁美洲营养与健康研究 (ELANS) 的 671 名青少年（41.4% 的女孩）。营养状况分为四个 BMI (kg/m2) 类别。腰围（WC）被归类为高于或低于阈值。通过两次非连续的 24 小时膳食回忆评估膳食摄入量。PA 和 ST 使用国际体力活动问卷 (IPAQ) 测量。我们按性别计算了总体和特定国家/地区的估计值，并测试了男孩和女孩之间的差异。结果 男孩和女孩的超重（15.1% 和 21.6%）和肥胖（8.5% 和 6.5%）的患病率差异无统计学意义（p = 0.059）。男孩的平均能量摄入量为 2289.7 kcal/天（95% CI：2231-2350），女孩为 1904.2 kcal/天（95% CI：1840-1963）（p < 0.001）。关于男孩和女孩的常量营养素摄入量，蛋白质的平均摄入量（以总能量的百分比表示）分别为 15.0% 和 14.9%；碳水化合物为 55.4% 和 54.9%；添加糖为 14.1 和 14.5%；总脂肪 29.5% 和 30.1%；饱和脂肪分别为 9.6% 和 9.9%（所有结果 p > 0.05）。女孩和男孩的总能量 (TE) 饱和脂肪和添加糖（> TE 的 10%）的流行率没有统计学上的显着差异（分别为 49.6% 对 44.8% 和 81.7% 对 76.1%）。男孩身体不活动的发生率为 19%，女孩为 43.7%（p < 0.001）。男孩的剧烈强度 PA 和总 PA 的中位数显着高于女孩（两种结果 p < 0.05）；而 ST 水平相似（男孩和女孩分别为 273.7 和 220.0 分钟/天；p > 0.05）。结论 这些研究结果突出了拉丁美洲国家青少年膳食摄入不足和缺乏身体活动的高流行率。因此，需要有效和可持续的战略和计划来促进拉丁美洲青少年的健康饮食、定期 PA 和减少 ST。试验注册 临床试验 NCT02226627。于 2014 年 8 月 27 日追溯登记。