BACKGROUND Qualitative research networks (QRNs) bring together researchers from diverse contexts working on multi-country studies. The networks may themselves form a consortium or may contribute to a wider research agenda within a consortium with colleagues from other disciplines. The purpose of a QRN is to ensure robust methods and processes that enable comparisons across contexts. Under the Self-Testing Africa (STAR) initiative and the REACHOUT project on community health systems, QRNs were established, bringing together researchers across countries to coordinate multi-country qualitative research and to ensure robust methods and processes allowing comparisons across contexts. QRNs face both practical challenges in facilitating this iterative exchange process across sites and conceptual challenges interpreting findings between contexts. This paper distils key lessons and reflections from both QRN experiences on how to conduct trustworthy qualitative research across different contexts with examples from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Kenya, Indonesia, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe. METHODS The process of generating evidence for this paper followed a thematic analysis method: themes initially identified were refined during several rounds of discussions in an iterative process until final themes were agreed upon in a joint learning process. RESULTS Four guiding principles emerged from our analysis: a) explicit communication strategies that sustain dialogue and build trust and collective reflexivity; b) translation of contextually embedded concepts; c) setting parameters for contextualizing, and d) supporting empirical and conceptual generalisability. Under each guiding principle, we describe how credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability can be enhanced and share good practices to be considered by other researchers. CONCLUSIONS Qualitative research is often context-specific with tools designed to explore local experiences and understandings. Without efforts to synthesise and systematically share findings, common understandings, experiences and lessons are missed. The logistical and conceptual challenges of qualitative research across multiple partners and contexts must be actively managed, including a shared commitment to continuous 'joint learning' by partners. Clarity and agreement on concepts and common methods and timelines at an early stage is critical to ensure alignment and focus in intercountry qualitative research and analysis processes. Building good relationships and trust among network participants enhance the quality of qualitative research findings.

中文翻译：

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利用研究网络从多个背景中生成值得信赖的定性公共卫生研究结果。

背景技术定性研究网络（QRN）汇集了来自不同背景、从事多国研究的研究人员。这些网络本身可能形成一个联盟，或者可能与其他学科的同事在联盟内为更广泛的研究议程做出贡献。QRN 的目的是确保能够进行跨上下文比较的稳健方法和流程。根据非洲自我测试 (STAR) 倡议和社区卫生系统 REACHOUT 项目，建立了 QRN，将各国研究人员聚集在一起，协调多国定性研究，并确保稳健的方法和流程，允许跨环境进行比较。QRN 面临着促进跨站点迭代交换过程的实际挑战和解释上下文之间的发现的概念挑战。本文以孟加拉国、埃塞俄比亚、肯尼亚、印度尼西亚、马拉维、莫桑比克、赞比亚和津巴布韦为例，总结了 QRN 经验中关于如何在不同背景下进行值得信赖的定性研究的重要经验教训和反思。方法本文的证据生成过程遵循主题分析方法：最初确定的主题在迭代过程中经过多轮讨论进行细化，直到在联合学习过程中商定最终主题。结果 我们的分析得出了四项指导原则： a) 维持对话、建立信任和集体反思的明确沟通策略；b) 上下文嵌入概念的翻译；c) 设置情境化参数，以及 d) 支持经验和概念的普遍性。在每项指导原则下，我们描述了如何增强可信性、可靠性、可证实性和可转移性，并分享可供其他研究人员考虑的良好实践。结论 定性研究通常针对具体情况，使用旨在探索当地经验和理解的工具。如果不努力综合和系统地分享研究结果，就会错过共同的理解、经验和教训。必须积极管理跨多个合作伙伴和背景的定性研究的后勤和概念挑战，包括合作伙伴对持续“联合学习”的共同承诺。早期阶段就概念、通用方法和时间表进行明确和一致对于确保国家间定性研究和分析过程的一致性和重点至关重要。在网络参与者之间建立良好的关系和信任可以提高定性研究结果的质量。