Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase, functioning in numerous cellular processes including cell proliferation, DNA repair, cell cycle, signaling and metabolic pathways. GSK-3β is implicated in different diseases including inflammation, neurodegenerative disease, diabetes and cancers. GSK-3β is involved in biological processes of tumorigenesis, therefore, it is rational that GSK-3β inhibitors were employed to target malignant tumors. The effects of GSK-3β inhibitors in combination of radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs have been reported in various types of cancers, suggesting GSK-3β would play important roles in cancer treatments. GSK-3β is involved in multiple signal pathway including Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/PTEN/AKT and Notch. GSK-3β also functions in DNA repair through phosphorylation of DNA repair factors and affecting their binding to chromatin. This review focuses on the molecular mechanism of GSK-3β in DNA repair, special in base excision repair and double-strands break repair, the roles of GSK-3β in inhibition of apoptosis through activation of NF-κB, and the effects of GSK-3β inhibitors on radio- and chemosensitization of various types of cancers. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: GSK-3 and related kinases in cancer, neurological and other disorders edited by James McCubrey, Agnieszka Gizak and Dariusz Rakus.

中文翻译：

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GSK-3β在DNA修复，细胞凋亡，化学疗法的抗性，癌症的放射治疗中。

糖原合酶激酶3β（GSK-3β）是一种进化保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶，在许多细胞过程中起作用，包括细胞增殖，DNA修复，细胞周期，信号传导和代谢途径。GSK-3β与多种疾病有关，包括炎症，神经退行性疾病，糖尿病和癌症。GSK-3β参与肿瘤发生的生物学过程，因此，采用GSK-3β抑制剂靶向恶性肿瘤是合理的。已经报道了GSK-3β抑制剂与放射线和化学治疗药物联合在多种类型的癌症中的作用，表明GSK-3β在癌症治疗中将发挥重要作用。GSK-3β参与多个信号途径，包括Wnt /β-catenin，PI3K / PTEN / AKT和Notch。GSK-3β还通过DNA修复因子的磷酸化并影响其与染色质的结合而在DNA修复中起作用。本文综述了GSK-3β在DNA修复中的分子机制，特别是碱基切除修复和双链断裂修复，GSK-3β在通过激活NF-κB抑制细胞凋亡中的作用，以及GSK- 3β抑制剂对各种类型的癌症的放射敏感性和化学敏感性。本文是特刊的一部分，该刊物由James McCubrey，Agnieszka Gizak和Dariusz Rakus编辑，题为：癌症，神经系统疾病和其他疾病中的GSK-3和相关激酶。GSK-3β通过激活NF-κB抑制细胞凋亡的作用，以及GSK-3β抑制剂对各种类型的癌症的放射敏感性和化学敏感性的影响。本文是特刊的一部分，该刊物由James McCubrey，Agnieszka Gizak和Dariusz Rakus编辑，题为：癌症，神经系统疾病和其他疾病中的GSK-3和相关激酶。GSK-3β通过激活NF-κB抑制细胞凋亡的作用，以及GSK-3β抑制剂对各种类型的癌症的放射敏感性和化学敏感性的影响。本文是特刊的一部分，该刊物由James McCubrey，Agnieszka Gizak和Dariusz Rakus编辑，题为：癌症，神经系统疾病和其他疾病中的GSK-3和相关激酶。