Two physical vapor deposition (PVD) processes, magnetron sputtering (MS) and arc plasma deposition (APD), were investigated to prepare oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The catalysts are composed of Pt or Pt alloy on a NbO_x decorated carbon support (NbO_x/C). The combination of these materials results in tunable structures and electronic properties and a commensurate increase in lifetime (>60% retention after 30,000 cycles) and initial MEA mass activities of over 300 Ag_Pt⁻¹. In situ x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) shows that there exists direct interaction between Pt and the O in the non-stoichiometric NbO_x in Pt on NbO_x/C catalyst. The introduction of Co leads to shortened Pt–Pt bond distance as confirmed by XAS, and a beneficial Pt on NbO_x strain effect. The relationship between Pt and NbO_x loading is discussed based on rotating disk electrode (RDE) data.

研究了两种物理气相沉积（PVD）工艺，磁控溅射（MS）和电弧等离子体沉积（APD），以制备用于质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的氧还原反应（ORR）催化剂。催化剂由NtO _x装饰的碳载体（NbO _x / C）上的Pt或Pt合金组成。这些材料的组合导致可调节的结构和电子特性，并且使用寿命（在30,000个循环后保留> 60％）和MEA的初始MEA活性超过300 Ag _Pt ^{-1相应增加}。原位X射线吸收光谱（XAS）所示，存在着Pt和在非化学计量的NbO将O之间的直接相互作用_X在铂上的NbO _X/ C催化剂。XAS证实，Co的引入缩短了Pt-Pt的键距，并且对NbO _x应变效应产生了有益的Pt 。基于旋转圆盘电极（RDE）数据讨论了Pt和NbO _x负载之间的关系。